2019年山东卷英语高考试题及答案下载

绝密★启用前 注意事项： 2019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 （全国卷 I） 英语1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡 上。 第一节 （共5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每 段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. 答案是 C。 1.Where does this conversation take place? B. £9.18. C. £9.15. A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C.In a museum. 2.What does Jack want to do? A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule. 3.What are the speakers talking about? A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave. C. Strangers. 4.What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleges. B. Classmates. 5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation? A. She might want a ticket. B. She is looking for the man. C. She has an extra ticket. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.How long did James run his business？ A.10 years. 7.How does the woman feel about James’ situation？ A. Embarrassed.B. Concerned. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 B.13years. C.15 years. C. Disappointed. 第 1 页 共 14 页 8.What has Kate’s mother decided to do？ A. Return to school. B. Change her job. C. Retire from work. C. Business administration. C. Understanding. 9.What did Kate’s mother study at college？ A. Oil painting. 10.What is Kate’s attitude toward her mother’s decision? A. Disapproving.B. Ambiguous. B. Art history. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11.What is the man doing？ A. Chairing a meeting. B. Hosting a radio program. C. Conducting a job interview. 12.What benefits Mary most in her job？ A. Her wide reading. B. Her leaders’ guidance. C. Her friends’ help C. Her mother. 13.Who will Mary talk about next？ A. Her teacher. B. Her father 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。 14.Why does the man seldom do exercise？ A. He lacks motivation. B. He has a heart problem. C. He works all the time. 15.What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do？ A. He’s an athlete. B. He’s a researcher. C. He’s a journalist. 16.Why does the woman speak of a study？ A. To encourage the man. B. To recommend an exercise. C. To support her findings. 17.How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly？ A.300 minutes. B.150 minute. C.75 minutes. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。a 18.What did the scientists do to the road？ A. They repaired it. 19.Why are young birds drawn to the road surface？ A. It’s warm.B. It’s brown.C. It’s smooth. B. They painted it. C. They blocked it 20.What is the purpose of the scientists’ experiment？ A. To keep the birds there for a whole year. B. To help students study the birds well. C. To prevent the birds from being killed. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分） 第一节 （共15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 ANeed a Job This Summer? The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program. 第 2 页 共 14 页 Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round. Jobs for Youth If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible（符合条件）for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities（社区）. Summer Company Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses. Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer. Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year. Summer Employment Opportunities（机会） Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups. Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability. 21. What is special about Summer Company? A. It requires no training before employment. B. It provides awards for running new businesses. C. It allows one to work in the natural environment. D. It offers more summer job opportunities. 22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program? A.15-18. B.15-24. C.15-29. D.16-17. 23. Which program favors the disabled? A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company. C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program. D. Summer Employment Opportunities. BFor Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking. But he’s nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him, whispering support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls（回想起） how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom. Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’” Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to 第 3 页 共 14 页 raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀） about themselves. “Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.” 24. What made Chris nervous？ A. Telling a story. C. Taking a test. B. Making a speech. D. Answering a question. 25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes. 26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________. A. help students see their own strengths B. assess students’ public speaking skills C. prepare students for their future jobs D. inspire students’ love for politics 27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher? A. Humorous. B. Ambitious. C. Caring. D. Demanding. CAs data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric（生物测量） technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though. Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device（装置）that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence（节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right. It also doesn’t require a new type of technology that people aren’t already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently. In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word“touch”four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard? A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing C. To replace the password system.D. To cut the cost of e-space protection. 29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？ A. Computers are much easier to operate. B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. C. Typing patterns vary from person to person. D. Data security measures are guaranteed. 30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？ 第 4 页 共 14 页 A. It’ll be environment-friendly. C. It’ll be made of plastics. B. It’ll reach consumers soon. D. It’ll help speed up typing. 31. Where is this text most likely from? A. A diary. B.A guidebookC. A novel.D. A magazine. DDuring the rosy years of elementary school（小学）, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself. Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior. Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage （从事）in dangerous and risky behavior.” In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys（调查研究）. “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.” Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing, kindness, openness —carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others. In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said. 32. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school? A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool. 33.What is the second paragraph mainly about？ A. The classification of the popular. B. The characteristics of adolescents. C. The importance of interpersonal skills. D. The causes of dishonorable behavior. 34. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids? A. They appeared to be aggressive. B. They tended to be more adaptable. C. They enjoyed the highest status. D. They performed well academically. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. Be Nice-You Won’t Finish Last B. The Higher the Status, the Beer C. Be the Best-You Can Make It D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness 第 5 页 共 14 页 第二节 （共5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Is Fresh Air Really Good for You? We all grew up hearingpeople tell us to“go out and get some fresh air.” the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good. 36 According to recent studies， 37 If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉）and your brain. Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing（治愈）. In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green， growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood（情绪）.Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than 38 patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace. 40 Whilethe sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D. A. Fresh air cleans our lungs. B. So what are you waiting for? C. Being in nature refreshes us. D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight. E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said? F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care. G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45 分） 第一节 （共20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They with them lots of waste. The42 mightdamage the beauty of the place. The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the43 ofKilimanjaro. Hearing these stories, I’m44 experiences. However, I soon of rubbish. I find a 48 butthe efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be49 The best of a Kilimanjaro50 ,in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are places by many cultures. This52 isespecially evident on Kilimanjaro as53 gothrough five ecosystems （生态系统）in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters,54 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather55 —low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I56 twelveshades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the 41 about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are .51 as spiritual highland 57: gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks.58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. 第 6 页 共 14 页 Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true. 41. A. keep B. mix C. connect C. crowds C. face D. bring 42. A. stories B. buildings B. age D. reporters D. name 43. A. position 44. A. silent B. skeptical B. argue C. serious C. decide D. crazy 45. A. discover 46. A. equipment 47. A. remote 48. A. new D. advocate B. grass C. camps D. stones B. quiet C. all D. clean D. necessary D. fading away D. sight B. special B. spreading out B. experience C. significant C. blowing up C. experiment 49. A. paying off 50. A. atmosphere 51. A. studied 52. A. view B. observed C. explored D. regarded D. purpose D. officials D. giving way to D. permits D. add B. quality B. climbers B. going back to B. clears C. reason 53. A. scientists 54. A. holding on to 55. A. changes 56. A. match C. locals C. living up to C. improves C. count B. imagine B. desert 57. A. village 58. A. Obviously 59. A. permanent 60. A. enjoy C. road D. lake B. Easily C. Consequently C. fresh D. Finally B. little D. artificial D. Acquire B. deserve C. save 第二节 （共10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. 62 Modem methods expensive 64 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a increasing. Scientists have responded by67 (note)that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are68 (high)than they actually are. Of69 nineteen (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack 66 (believe) that populations are recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six enough data. 70 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误， 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 第 7 页 共 14 页 2．只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now. 第二节 书面表达（满分25 分） 假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要剧版中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容 包括： 1．写信目的： 2．个人优势： 3．能做的事情。 注意： 1．词数100左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．结束语已为你写好。 第 8 页 共 14 页 2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语试题参考答案 第一部分 听力 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. C 15. B 20. C 11. B 12. A 17. C 13. C 18. B 14. A 19. A 16. A 第二部分 阅读理解 21. B 26. A 31. D 36. E 22. D 23. D 28. D 33. A 38. G 24. B 29. C 34. B 39. C 25. A 30. B 35. A 40. D 27. C 32. C 37. A 第三部分 语言知识运用 41. D 42. C 43. C 44. B 49. A 54. D 59. A 45. A 50. B 55. A 60. B 46. C 47. D 48. C 51. D 52. A 53. B 56. C 57. B 58. D 61. that 66. belief 第四部分 写作 第一节 62. poorly 67. noting 63. of/for 68. higher 64. to perform 65. have report 69. the70. are interesting int erested I became in playing football thanks to a small accident. where aOne afternoon I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly when but football fell just in front of me almost hit me. and hardly hard surprising surprise I stopped the ball and kicked it back to the playground. To everyone’s , the ball went player say into the net. All the football on the playground cheered loudly, that I had a talent for football. players saying now From on, I started to playmy football with classmates after school. I am a good player now. then 第二节（略） 第 9 页 共 14 页 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分） 第一节 （共15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了由省级政府及合作伙伴为学生提供的暑期工的信息。 21. B 细节理解题。将题干中的 Summer Company 定位在第二个小标题，由 provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses 可知该项目为学生提供 实际商业培训，并提供多达 3000 美元的奖励作为创业基金。故答案为 B。 22.D 细节理解题。将题干中的 Stewardship Youth Ranger Program 定位在第三个小标题，根据 Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire 可知该项目的合适年龄为 16——17 岁。故答案为 D。 23.D 细节理解题。将题干中的 the disabled 定位在最后一段的 persons with a disability.可知 Summer Employment Opportunities 能为残疾人提供工作机会。故答案为 D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，要求考生准确掌握细节信息细节信息，结合题目要求，选出 正确答案。 B【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。通过Chris Palaez的演讲来引出Whaley老师对孩子们的成长的做出的努力。 通过组织活动来增强移民的的孩子们在学习英语上的信心。 24.B细节理解题。将题干中的nervous定位的第二段第一句，此处与上文构成转折，所以通过上下文可知他 在做演讲。 25.A 词义猜测题。A、不正确的停顿；B、没有礼貌；C、拼写错误；D、愚蠢的玩笑。根据句意：除了一 些……，克里斯做的非常好。结合前一句I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…可知他在表达 时有些“不正确的停顿”，故答案为A。 26.A 推理判断题。通过题干中的Whaley’s project将本题答案定位在倒数第二段最后两句Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀） about themselves，Whaley不只是想让孩子们学会在公共场所读书讲话，他想让这些孩子们学会夸耀自己， 最后一段“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”夸耀自己及自己的最好的品质对于没有自信的孩子来说很难的。可知他的目的是让孩 子们看见自己的优点（see their own strengths）。故whaley的词答案为A。 27.C 推理判断题。本题要求找出能够描述老师Whaley的词，Humorous幽默的；ambitious有雄心的；caring 关心的；demanding苛求的。通过文章中的叙述可知Whaley通过让学生做公开演讲来增强孩子们的语言能力， 更重要的是增强孩子们的自信，所以他是一位关心孩子成长的老师，故答案为C. 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细 节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。 C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。随着身份信息被盗用变得越来越普遍，像指纹扫描这样的生物技术使用的越 来越多，但是其代价也很高。于是来自 Georgia Tech 的研究者提出了一种精确但是成本低廉的“智能键盘” 技术，人们敲击键盘的力度、节奏等具有唯一性，这样即使密码泄露也不用担心别人进入你的电子空间。 28. D细节理解题。将 smart keyboard 定位在第二段第一句，根据其前面的 low-cost device 可知这项技术是 第 10 页 共 14 页 为了解决第一段最后一句中的 expensive 问题，即减少电子空间保护的成本。故答案为 D。 29. C细节理解题。根据第二段中的 The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities 可知，键盘通过分析使用者的打字力度和节奏，提供一重安全保障， 因为每个人的打字力度和节奏都是独一无二的。故答案为 C。 30. B细节理解。根据最后一段 The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.可知这个团队希望这项技 术能尽快进入市场，尽快与消费者见面。故答案为 B。 31. D推理判断题。本题询问文章的来源。Diary 日记；guidebook 旅行指南；novel 小说；magazine。本文 属于科技发明方面的文章，所以可以排除 ABC 选项，故答案为 D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在 捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答 案。 D【分析】本文是一篇议论文。受欢迎在小学阶段是因为分享，在中学阶段却是因为叛逆和与众不同。心理 学家将受欢迎分类为讨人喜欢的人和地位寻求者，讨人喜欢的人不仅有良好的人际关系，他们的以后的人 生也有积极的经历。而那些追求地位的孩子往往会从事一些比较危险的活动。 32.C推理判断。将elementary school定位在第一段，作者小时候enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes，这让她在 同学中有较高的社会地位。unkind不善良的；lonely孤独的；generous慷慨的；cool酷的。Share是慷慨的表现， 故答案为C。 33.A 段落大意。本段通过临床心理学教授对“受欢迎”进行分类：讨人喜欢的人和地位寻求者。前者与他 人相处融洽的品质加强了校园友谊，激发了人际交往技巧，并且在很早的时候，就被用在了生活和工作中； 而后者通过权力带来的地位，甚至有不光彩的行为。所以本段的中心是对“受欢迎的人”的分类，故答案 为A。 34.B 细节理解题。将题干中的the most liked定位在第四段第一句。通过分析引号中的“We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.”可知，最不受欢迎的和地位高的人都会有攻击性。受喜爱会导致健康的适应，而地位高的却相反。故 答案为B。 35.A 主旨大意题。本文讲述受喜爱不仅有积极的结果，而且还为学习和新的生活体验创造机会。所以选项 A：与人为善——你不会吃亏的。故答案为A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意等题型的考查，是一篇议论文阅读，要求考生准确 捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。 第二节 （共5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Is Fresh Air Really Good for You? 【分析】这是一篇议论文，谈论在没有污染的环境中，新鲜空气对人体有好处，能加快病人的康复。 36.E 段中句，看前后。根据后一句 the answer is a big YES 可知此处是一般疑问句，故答案为 E。 37.A 段首句，看下文。根据后一句 If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen 可知干净的空气富含提神的氧气，这是在 解释新鲜空气能清洁我们的肺的原因。故答案为 A。 38.G 段中句，看前后。根据前文的 the connection between the natural world and healing 和下文的 these places…near nature during their recovery 可知此处涉及康复中心这个关键词，故答案为 G。 第 11 页 共 14 页 39.C 段中句。前文中的 tree branches 与 nature 对应，后一句 It gives us a great feeling of peace 指在自然中， 故答案为 C。 40.D 段首句，看下文。根据后一句中的 the sun’s rays可知本段涉及太阳光对人体的好处。故答案为 D。 【点评】本题考查对文章的逻辑关系的把握，答题时紧扣上下文的关键词寻找关联信息。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45 分） 第一节 （共20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。每年有大约 4万人去攀登乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了大量垃圾，破 坏了环境，甚至导致冰川消失。作者抱着怀疑的态度去攀登此山，却发现与报道的大不一样。 41. D 考查动词。A. keep 保持；B. mix 混合；C. connect 联系；D. bring 带来； 根据句意：人们尝试登山， 带来了大量的垃圾。故答案为 D。 42. C 考查名词。A.stories 故事；B. buildings建筑；C. crowds 人群；D. reporters 记者。此处指前文提到的 about 40,000 people，担心他们会破坏这里的美景，故答案为 C。 43. C 考查名词。A. position 位置；B. age 年龄；C. face脸；外观；D. name 名字。因为冰川在消失，所以会 改变乞力马扎罗山的外观，故答案为 C。 44. B 考查形容词。A. silent 沉默的；B. skeptical 怀疑的；C. serious 严肃的；D. crazy 疯狂的；听到这些故事， 作者感到不信。因为在下文中作者的所见与报道的完全不一样。故答案为 B。 45. A 考查动词。A. discover 发现；B. argue 争论；C. decide 决定；D. advocate 提倡；下文中 much has changed 是作者在沿途所看见的，故答案为 A。 46. C 考查名词。A. equipment 设备；B. grass 草；C. camps 营地；D. stones 石头。上文中提到登山者带来的 大量垃圾，在垃圾堆中的当然是登山者的营房，故答案为 C。 47. D 考查形容词。A. remote 遥远的；B. quiet 安静的；C. all 所有的；D. clean 干净的。此处与前文的 change 呼应，根据下文的 with toilets at camps and along the paths 可知这里的环境是“干净的”，故答案为 D。 48. C 考查形容词。A. new 新的；B. special 特别的；C. significant 重大的；D. necessary 必要的。环境挑战是 “重大的”，但是坦桑尼亚国家公园的管理者做出的努力也是有了回报。故答案为 C。 49. A 考查动词短语。A. paying off 得到回报；B. spreading out 传播出去；C. blowing up 爆炸；D. fading away 逐渐消失。坦桑尼亚国家公园的管理者做出的努力好像有了回报，故答案为 A。 50. B 考查名词。A. atmosphere 气氛；B. experience 经历；C. experiment 实验；D. sight 风景；本句的 isn’t reaching the top 指的是“体验；经历”，故答案为 B。 51. D 考查动词。A. studied 学习；B. observed 观察；C. explored 探索；D. regarded 看作。在很多文化中，山 被看作是神圣的地方。be regarded as 被看作，故答案为 D。 52. A 考查名词。A. view 风景；B. quality 质量；C. reason 原因；D. purpose 目的；在乞力马扎罗山上，这种 风景特别明显，因为一个人可以在几公里的空间经历五种生态系统。故答案为 A。 53. B 考查名词。A. scientists 科学家；B. climbers 登山者；C. locals 本地人；D. officials 官员。在山上经历多 种生态系统的当然是“登山者”，故答案为 B。 54. D 考查动词短语。A. holding on to 坚持；B. going back to 回到；C. living up to 不辜负；D. giving way to 为…让路。此处描述由雨林到低矮的灌木的变化，故答案为 D。 55. A 考查动词。A. changes 变化；B. clears 清除；C. improves 提高；改善；D. permits 允许。此处描述天气 的变化，故答案为 A。 56. C 考查动词。A. match 匹配；B. imagine 想象；C. count 数；D. add 加。本句中的 twelve shades of green 是“数”出来的，故答案为 C。 57. B 考查名词。A. village 村庄；B. desert 沙漠；C. road 公路；D. lake 湖。冒号后的 gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks 是“沙漠”的地表特征，故答案为 B。 58. D 考查形容词。A. Obviously 明显的；B. Easily 容易地；C. Consequently 结果；D. Finally 最后。arctic-like zone 是五种生态系统中的最后一种，故答案为 D。 第 12 页 共 14 页 59. A 考查形容词。A. permanent 永久的；B. little 小的；C. fresh 新鲜的；D. artificial 人造的；根据常识，山 顶上的 now and the glaciers 是一直存在的。故答案为 A。 60. B 考查动词。A. enjoy 喜欢；B. deserve 值得；C. save 救；D. acquire 获得。deserve one’s reputation 名不 虚传。句意：乞力马扎罗山上游人如织，破坏了它的宁静的氛围是名不虚传吗？我看恰恰相反。 【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅 读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答 案。 第二节 （共10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍北极熊的分布和数量等相关信息。 61.that 考查名词性从句。这是同位语从句，解释 evidence（证据），故答案为 that。 62.poorly 考查形容词转换副词。此处修饰 studied，故用副词，故答案为 poorly。 63.of/for 考查介词的搭配。由空格后的动名词可知此处需要介词，指追踪北极熊数量的方法，故答案为 of 或 for。 64.to perform 考查非谓语动词。主+系+形容词+to do……。此处句意为：追踪北极熊数量的方法在很大范 围内一直进行的话是很昂贵的。故答案为 to perform。 65.have reported 考查动词的时态。In recent years 是现在完成时的标志，故答案为 have reported。 66.belief 考查词性转换。 由a可知此处用 believe的名词，故答案为 belief。 67.noting 考查非谓语动词。 by+v-ing 表示“通过……”，故答案为 noting。 68.higher 考查形容词的比较级。由 than可知此处用比较级，故答案为 higher。 69 the 考查冠词的用法。句意：在 19个公认的北极熊亚种中……。此处表示特指 ，故用定冠词the。 70.are 此处考查谓语。根据前一句 three are declining 可知此处用一般现在时，故答案为 are。 【点评】语法填空要求考生阅读一篇短文，然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求完成 10道语法 填空题。做题要求：一是在空格处填入适当的词；二是使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。纯空格题一般要 填冠词、介词、连词、代词等，如果是冠词，则空后需跟名词。而有提示词的需要根据语境，分析句子结 构，判断所填词的词性，再确定所填词的形式。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误， 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now. interesting I became in playing football thanks to a small accident. int erested 第 13 页 共 14 页 where when aOne afternoon I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly but football fell just in front of me almost hit me. and hardly hard surprising surprise I stopped the ball and kicked it back to the playground. To everyone’s , the ball went player say into the net. All the football on the playground cheered loudly, that I had a talent for football. players saying now From on, I started to playmy football with classmates after school. I am a good player now. then 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者爱上足球的经过。 71.答案 interesting→interested考查形容词词义。be/become interested in对……感兴趣；interesting 有趣的。故将 interesting改为 interested。 72.答案 where→when 考查定语从句的关系词。先行词 one afternoon是时间，用 when引导从句。故将 where 改为 when。 73.答案 football前加 a 考查冠词的基本用法。football一般情况不加冠词，但是此处指一个足球，所以 需要用 a，故答案为在 football前加 a. 74.答案 but→and 考查连词的用法。fell与 hit表示并列关系，所以此处用 and不用 but。 75.答案hardly→hard考查副词辨析。hardly意思是“几乎不”，此处意思是“使劲踢”，故将 hardly改为 hard。 76.答案 surprising→surprise 考查词性辨析。to one’s+名词，使某人……的是。surprise是名词， 而 surprising是形容词，故将 surprising改为 surprise。 77.答案 player→players 名词的复数。由 all可知此处指所有的球员，所以用复数。故将 player改为 players。 78.答案 say→saying 考查非谓语动词的用法。本句中 cheered是谓语，say的动作应是伴随状语，故将 say 改为 saying。 79.答案 now→then 逻辑错误。本文讲述故事，所以指过去某个时间，故将 now改为 then。 80.答案 my去掉。代词错误。play football是固定搭配，不需要用限定词，故去掉 my。 【点评】本题考查了形容词副词、冠词、代词、连词、名词的单复数、非谓语、时态等知识点。涉及语法 较为全面，题目整体不难。 第 14 页 共 14 页