2015年高考英语(江苏卷)-Word版含答案下载

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 英语 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分 20 分) 第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。 每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。 听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What time is it now? A. 9:10. B. 9:50. C. 10:00. 2. What does the woman think of the weather? A. It’s nice. B. It’s warm. C. It’s cold. 3. What will the man do? A. Attend a meeting. B. Give a lecture. C. Leave his office. C. Very easy. 4. What is the woman’s opinion about the course? A. Too hard.B. Worth taking. 5. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Speak louder. B. Apologize to her. C. Turn off the radio. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小 题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。 每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. How long did Michael stay in China? A. Five days. B. One week. C. Two weeks. C. India. 7. Where did Michael go last year? A. Russia. B. Norway. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. What food does Sally like? A. Chicken. B. Fish. C. Eggs. 9. What are the speakers going to do? A. Cook dinner. B. Go shopping. C. Order dishes. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. Where are the speakers? 第 1 页 共 24 页 A. In a hospital. 11. When is the report due? A. Thursday. B. In the office. B. Friday. C. At home. C. Next Monday. C. Leave it with him. 12. What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report? A. Improve it.B. Hand it in later. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Salesperson and customer. B. Homeowner and cleaner. 14. What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer? C. Husband and wife. A. One with two bedrooms.B. One without furniture. C. One near a market. 15. How much rent should one pay for the one bedroom apartment? A. ＄350. 16. Where is the apartment the speakers would like to see? A. On Lake Street.B. On Market Street. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What percentage of the world’s tea exports go to Britain? B. ＄400. C. ＄415. C. On South Street. A. Almost 15%. B. About 30%. C. Over 40%. 18. Why do tea tasters taste tea with milk? A. Most British people drink tea that way. B. Tea tastes much better with milk. 19. Who suggests a price for each tea? C. Tea with milk is healthy. C. Tea companies. A. Tea tasters. B. Tea exporters. 20. What is the speaker talking about? A. The life of tea tasters. B. Afternoon tea in Britain.C. The London Tea Trade Centre. 第二部分：英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节：单项填空 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 21. The number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. A. it B. which C. what D. as 22. Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to _____ to their greatest potential. A. accelerate 23. —Jim, can you work this Sunday? —_______? I’ve been working for two weeks on end. A. Why meB. Why notC. What if B. improve C. perform D. develop D. So what 第 2 页 共 24 页 24. Much time _____ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems. A. being spentB. having spentC. spentD. spending 25. _____ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it. A. ThatB. WhyC. WhereD. How 26. It is so cold that you can’t go outside _____ fully covered in thick clothes. A. ifB. unlessC. onceD. when 27. The university started some new language programs to _____ the country’s Silk Road Economic Belt. A. apply to 28. It might have saved me some trouble ______ the schedule. A. did I knowB. have I knownC. do I know 29. The whole team _____ Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down. A. wait onB. focus onC. count onD. call on B. cater for C. appeal to D. hunt for D. had I known 30. The real reason why prices ____, and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem. A. were B. will be C. have been D. had been 31. The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _______ review of the case. A. comprehensiveB. complicatedC. consciousD. crucial 32. Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform. A. judgments B. adjustments C. comments D. achievements 33.—Why didn’t you invite John to your birthday party? —Well, you know he’s _______ . A. an early bird B. a wet blanket C. a lucky dogD. a tough nut 34. Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _______ Thomas Edison. A. thanks toB. regardless ofC. aside fromD. but for 35.—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave. —I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ______ . A. requestsB. excusesC. apologiesD. regrets 第二节：完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分) 请阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。 I was required to read one of Bernie Siegel’s books in college and was hooked on his positivity from that moment on. The stories of his unconventional36 andthe exceptional patients he wrote about were so 37 tome and had such a big 38 onhow I saw life from then on. Who knew that so many years later I would look to Dr. Bernie and his CDs again to 39 my own cancer 第 3 页 共 24 页 experience? I’m an ambitious 41 person,I lost my drive to write. I was just too tired and not in the 40 ,and when I started going through chemo (化疗) , even though I’m a 42 .One day, 43 ,I had one of Dr. Bernie’s books in my hand. Another patient44 very while waiting to go in for what I was reading and struck up a conversation with me 45 hehad one of his books with him as well. It author, and he was currently We would see each other at various times and 46 thatamong other things, he was an eighty-year-old writer. He was47 apublished 48 ona new book. 49 friends. Sometimes he wore a duck hat, and I would tell myself, he was definitely a50 ofDr. Bernie. He really put a51 onmy face. He unfortunately52 lastyear due to his cancer,53 heleft a deep impression on me and gave me the54 topick up my pen again. I 55 tomyself, “If he can do it, then so can I.” 36. A. tastes B. ideas C. notes D. memories D. strange D. impact 37. A. amazing 38. A. strike B. shocking B. push C. amusing C. challenge C. get through C. editor 39. A. learn from 40. A. reader 41. A. positive 42. A. mood B. go over B. writer D. refer to D. doctor B. agreeable B. position B. reference B. knew C. humorous C. state D. honest D. way 43. A. advice 44. A. viewed 45. A. while C. protection C. noticed C. although C. proved out C. hopefully C. working C. missed C. fan D. treatment D. wondered D. providing D. turned out D. actually D. relying D. visited B. because B. worked out B. merely B. investing B. helped B. operator B. smile 46. A. came out 47. A. naturally 48. A. deciding 49. A. became 50. A. patient 51. A. sign D. publisher D. mask C. mark 52. A. showed up 53. A. since B. set off B. but C. fell down C. so D. passed away D. for 54. A. guidance 55. A. promised B. trust C. opportunity C. thought D. inspiration D. replied B. swore 第三部分：阅读理解 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30分) 请阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 AVisitor Code 第 4 页 共 24 页 Arrive with nothing that can harm New Zealand If you are arriving from overseas, bring no food, animal or plant material into the country. If in doubt declare it to Customs. Protect plants and animals Never allow dogs or other pets to run freely in areas of nesting birds, other wildlife, or where signposted. Get rid of rubbish Always get rid of your rubbish properly and recycle waste (e.g., glass, paper) where possible. Be considerate with other waste If using a portable toilet always throw away your toilet waste at a proper waste station. In the back country, bury your toilet waste in a shallow hole away from waterway. Keep New Zealand’s water clean Because soaps and other wastes can harm waterways, be careful your washing water doesn’t pollute the sea lakes and rivers. Take care with fires Always observe district fire bans. Be careful if you smoke or have an outdoor fire or barbecue– make sure ashes are cold before leaving. Camp or picnic carefully When camping or picnicking, use facilities provided. Keep to the track Keep to the track, where one exists, so you lessen the chance of damaging fragile plants. Be considerate When driving, minimize noise and observe no smoking signs. 56. According to the Code, visitors should act _______. A. with care and respect B. with relief and pleasure D. with attention and observation C. with caution and calmness 57. What are you encouraged to do when travelling in New Zealand? A. Take your own camping facilities. B. Bury glass far away from rivers. C. Follow the track for the sake of plants. D. Observe signs to approach nesting birds. BIn the United States alone, over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year. Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants. The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole. Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver. A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste, the concentration (含量) of gold and other precious metals was higher in So-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals. 第 5 页 共 24 页 Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals. Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed, the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries, in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment. Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material, up to 100 times more, than the material contained in the finished products. Consider again the cell-phone, and imagine the mines that produced those metals, the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装) it came in. Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that “the production, distribution, and use of products — as well as management of the resulting waste — all result in greenhouse gas release.” Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start — for instance, buying reusable products and recycling. In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive (动机) for reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products, would they reduce the packaging in the first place? Governments’ incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money. Why, they ask, should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap (气泡垫) that encased your television? From the governments’ point of view, a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers. 58. By mentioning the Swiss study, the author intends to tell us that _________ . A. the weight of e-goods is rather small B. E-waste deserves to be made good use of C. natural minerals contain more precious metals D. the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste 59. The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extended _________ . A. from producers to governments B. from governments to producers C. from individuals to distributors D. from distributors to governments 60. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The increase in e-waste. B. The creation of e-waste. C. The seriousness of e-waste. D. The management of e-waste. 第 6 页 共 24 页 CSuppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work. Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract. People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people’s wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g., “I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor (e.g., “I volunteer because I’m required to do so”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must. Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”. Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers’ expectations, they found a positive correlation (正相关) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity…. Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”. 61. People volunteer mainly out of ______. A. academic requirements B. social expectations 第 7 页 共 24 页 C. financial rewards D. internal needs 62. What can we learn from the Florida study? A. Follow-up studies should last for one year.B. Volunteers should get mentally prepared. C. Strategy training is a must in research.D. Volunteers are provided with concrete advice. 63. What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work? A. Individual differences in role identity. C. Role identity as a volunteer. B. Publicly identifiable volunteer T-shirts. D. Practical advice from researchers. 64. What is the best title of the passage? A. How to Get People to Volunteer C. How to Keep Volunteers’ Interest B. How to Study Volunteer Behaviors D. How to Organize Volunteer Activities DFreedom and Responsibility Freedom’s challenge in the Digital Age is a serious topic. We are facing today a strange new world and we are all wondering what we are going to do with it. Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies, one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses. In Greece, in Athens (雅典), a little city in a little country, there were no helpless masses. And Athenians willingly obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed, and the unwritten, which must be obeyed if free men live together. They must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities without which life would be very painful unless one chose to live alone in the desert. The Athenians never thought that a man was free if he could do what he wanted. A man was free if he was self-controlled. To make yourself obey what you approved was freedom. They were saved from looking at their lives as their own private affair. Each one felt responsible for the welfare of Athens, not because it was forced on him from the outside, but because the city was his pride and his safety. The essential belief of the first free government in the world was liberty for all men who could control themselves and would take responsibility for the state. But discovering freedom is not like discovering computers. It cannot be discovered once for all. If people do not prize it, and work for it, it will go. Constant watch is its price. Athens changed. It was a change that took place without being noticed though it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the whole state. It had been the Athenian’s pride and joy to give to their city. That they could get material benefits from her never entered their minds. There had to be a complete change of attitude before they could look at the city as an employer who paid her citizens for doing her work. Now instead of men giving to the state, the state was to give to them. What the people wanted was a government which would provide a comfortable life for them; and with this as the 第 8 页 共 24 页 primary object, ideas of freedom and self-reliance and responsibility were neglected to the point of disappearing. Athens was more and more looked on as a cooperative business possessed of great wealth in which all citizens had a right to share. Athens reached the point when the freedom she really wanted was freedom from responsibility. There could be only one result. If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free. Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom. It is to be had on no other terms. Athens, the Athens of Ancient Greece, refused responsibility; she reached the end of freedom and was never to have it again. But, “the excellent becomes the permanent”, Aristotle said. Athens lost freedom forever, but freedom was not lost forever for the world. A great American, James Madison, referred to:“The capacity (能力) of mankind for self-government.” No doubt he had not an idea that he was speaking Greek. Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind, but once man has a great and good idea, it is never completely lost. The Digital Age cannot destroy it. Somehow in this or that man’s thought such an idea lives though unconsidered by the world of action. One can never be sure that it is not on the point of breaking out into action only sure that it will do so sometime. 65. What does the underlined word “tyrannies” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Countries where their people need help. B. Powerful states with higher civilization. C. Splendid empires where people enjoy freedom. D. Governments ruled with absolute power. 66. People believing in freedom are those who________. A. regard their life as their own business B. seek gains as their primary object C. behave within the laws and value systemsD. treat others with kindness and pity 67. What change in attitude took place in Athens? A. The Athenians refused to take their responsibility. B. The Athenians no longer took pride in the city. C. The Athenians benefited spiritually from the government. D. The Athenians looked on the government as a business. 68.What does the sentence “There could be only one result.” in Paragraph 5 mean? A. Athens would continue to be free. B. Athens would cease to have freedom. C. Freedom would come from responsibility. D. Freedom would stop Athens from self-dependence. 69. Why does the author refer to Aristotle and Madison? A. The author is hopeful about freedom. 第 9 页 共 24 页 B. The author is cautious about self-government. C. The author is skeptical of Greek civilization. D. The author is proud of man’s capacity. 70. What is the author’s understanding of freedom? A. Freedom can be more popular in the digital age. B. Freedom may come to an end in the digital age. C. Freedom should have priority over responsibility. D. Freedom needs to be guaranteed by responsibility. 第四部分：任务型阅读(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。 People select news in expectation of a reward. This reward may be either of two kinds. One is related to what Freud calls the Pleasure Principle, the other to what he calls the Reality Principle. For want of better names, we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed reward. In general, the kind of news which may be expected to give immediate reward are news of crime and corruption, accidents and disasters, sports, social events, and human interest. Delayed reward may be expected from news of public affairs, economic matters, social problems, science, education, and health. News of the first kind pays its rewards at once. A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved. He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder, shake his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane, identify himself with the winning team, and laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs. News of the second kind, however, pays its rewards later. It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance—as, for example, when he reads of the threatening foreign situation, the mounting national debt, rising taxes, falling market, scarce housing, and cancer. It has a kind of “threat value.” It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared. When a reader selects delayed reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work. When he selects news of the other kind, he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world. For any individual, of course, the boundaries of these two classes are not stable. For example, a sociologist may read news of crime as a social problem, rather than for its immediate reward. A coach may read a sports story for its threat value: he may have to play that team next week. A politician may read an account of his latest successful public meeting, not for its delayed reward, but very much as his wife reads an account of a party. In any given story of corruption or disaster, a thoughtful reader may receive not only the immediate reward of indirect experience, but also the delayed reward of 第 10 页 共 24 页 information and preparedness. Therefore, while the division of categories holds in general, an individual’s tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another, or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward. What news stories do you read? ● People expect to get (71)________ from reading news. ● News stories are roughly divided into two classes. Division of news stories ●Some news will excite their readers instantly while others won’t. ● News of immediate reward will seemingly take their readers to the very frightening scene without actual (73)________. ● Readers will associate themselves closely with what happens in the news stories and (74)________ similar feelings with those involved. (72)________ of the two classes ● News of delayed reward will make readers suffer, or present a (75)________ to them. ● News of delayed reward will induce the reader to (76)________ for the reality while news of immediate reward will lead the reader to (77)________ from the reality. ● What readers expect from news stories are largely shaped by their (78)________. Unstable boundaries of the two classes ● Serious readers will both get excited over what happens in some news stories and (79)________ themselves to the reality. ● Thus, the division, on the whole, (80)________ on the reader. 第五部分：书面表达(满分 25 分) 81.请阅读下面文字及图表,并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。 第 11 页 共 24 页 [写作内容] 1. 用约 30 个单词概述上述信息的主要内容； 2. 结合上述信息，简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因； 3. 根据你的分析，从社会规范(rules and regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少 于两点)。 [写作要求] 1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句； 2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3. 不必写标题。 [评分标准] 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。 第 12 页 共 24 页 2015 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 英语试题听力原文及参考答案 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分 20 分) Dialog 1: W: What time is your train leaving? M: It leaves at 10. I’ve got 50 minutes left. W: You’d better hurry, or you won’t be able to catch it. Dialog 2: M: Nice weather we’re having! Don’t you think? W: No, it is too cold. M: I think it is just right. W: I’d prefer a few degrees warmer. Dialog 3 M: Now, let’s stop talking and get going. I need to be in my office in 15 minutes. Or I’ll be late for a meeting. W: OK. Bye! Dialog 4 M: This course is really difficult. W: I don’t think it’s all that bad. And we’ll benefit a lot from it. M: So you’re taking it, too. W: That’s true. Dialog 5 W: Could you turn that off? I can’t hear myself think！ M: What? W: The radio. M: Oh, sorry. Dialog 6 W: Hi, Michael! I heard you just came back from a holiday? M: Yes. I stayed for a week in China and 5 days in India. W: You do travel a lot, don’t you? Last year, you went to Norway, right? M: Well, I’ve been to quite some countries, but not yet to Norway. Last summer, I toured Russia for two weeks. Dialog 7 M: Sally, do you like seafood? 第 13 页 共 24 页 W: Yes, of course. M: Is there anything you especially like? W: Well, I really don’t know. I can never remember the name. M: Ok. Is there any food you don’t eat? W: Well, I don’t eat chicken, and I don’t like eggs, either. But I like all kinds of fish and vegetable. M: Then, let’s look at the menu, and see what they’ve got for us. Dialog 8 M: You look pale, Stephanie! What’s wrong? W: I don’t feel good. I have a bad headache. In fact, I haven’t got much sleep this past week, and I feel really tired. M: Why don’t you go to see a doctor? www.2abc8.com W: Yeah, I think I should. But I have a report to do tomorrow. Ms. Jenkins means it for the board meeting next Monday. M: Well, it’s Wednesday today. Why don’t you talk to Ms. Jenkins and ask if you can hand it in on Friday morning? W: Maybe I should try. I guess I just need a good sleep. Thanks, Gorge. M: If you need any help for the report, just let me know. Dialog 9 W: Anything interesting in the paper today, dear? M: Well, yeah. There are a few here that might interest us. Here is one for just four hundred dollars. It only has one bedroom, but it sounds nice, near Lake Street. W: Yeah, let me see what the cheapest two-bedroom apartment is. Oh, here is one on Market Street. It’s a real bargain. Only 350 dollars. But it doesn’t have any furniture. M: Well, it costs a lot to buy all the furniture. W: Oh, here is another one for just over four hundred dollars. This sounds very interesting. It’s on South Street. That’s a nice area! M: Yes, it’s quiet. Did you say two bedrooms? W: Yes, at 415 dollars. M: Why don’t we go and have a look? W: OK, I’ll give them a call. Monolog 10 Look at this picture. It’s the London Tea Trade centre. As you can see, it is on the North Bank of the River Thames. It is the center of an important industry in the everyday life of the British people. Tea is the British national drink. Every man, woman and child over ten years of age, has an average over four cups a day, or some one thousand five hundred cups annually. About 30 percent of the world’s export of tea makes its way to London. And Britain is by far the largest importer of tea in the world. 第 14 页 共 24 页 Now in the second picture, you can see how tea is tasted in the Tea Trade Centre before it is sold. Here, different types of tea are tasted by skilled tea-tasters before they are sold at each week’s tea sale. It’s amazing to see them at work! Over a hundred kinds of tea are laid out in a line on a long table. The tasters generally taste tea with milk, since that is how the majority of British people drink their tea. The tasters move down the line with surprising speed, tasting from a spoon and deciding what is a fair price for each tea. 【答案】1-5 ACABC6-10 BABCB11-15 ABCAB16-20 CBAAC 第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节：单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 21.【答案】D 【解析】句意：据报道，吸烟者人数仅（过去）一年就减少了 17%。as 引导的非限制性定语从 句位置灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整个一句话。故选 D 项。 考点：定语从句 22. 【答案】D 学校应该是鼓励个体最大限度地发展潜能的地方。A 项“加速，加快”；B 项“改善，提高”； C 项“表现”；D 项“发展”。故选 D 项。 考点：动词词义辨析 23.【答案】A 【解析】句意：—吉姆，周末你能加班吗？—为什么是我？我连续工作两周了。A 项“为什么 是我？”；B 项“为什么不呢?”；C 项“要是……会怎样?”；D 项“那又怎么样?”。只有 A 项 符合语境。故选 A 项。 考点：交际用语 24. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：上班族们坐在办公桌前太久，一般会受到健康问题的困扰。分析句子结构可 知，分词的逻辑主语和后面主句的主语不一致，应用独立主格结构。分词主语和分词动作之间 构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且动作已完成，故用过去分词。故选 C 项。 考点：独立主格结构 25. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：李白是中国一位伟大的诗人，他的出生地是众所周知的，但有些人不愿接受这 一事实。分析句子结构可知，a great Chinese poet 做 Li Bai 的同位语，is 前面是主语从句。比 较选项只有 where 符合句意，where 在从句中做地点状语。故选 C 项。 考点：名词性从句 第 15 页 共 24 页 26. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：外面太冷了，你不要出去，除非用厚衣服完全裹起来。A 项“如果”；B 项 “除非”；C 项“一旦”；D 项“当…时候”。“unless fully covered”为“连词+省略结构”， 补 充完整为“unless you are”。故选 B 项。 考点：连词辨析 27. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这所大学启动了一些新的语言项目，为国家丝绸之路经济带提供服务。A 项 “向…申请，适用于…”；B 项“迎合，满足…的需要，为…提供服务”；C 项“对…有吸引 力，呼吁”；D 项“猎取，寻找”。故选 B 项。 考点：动词短语辨析 28. 【答案】D 【解析】句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能会省去我一些麻烦。根据题干中 might have saved 可知主句是对过去的虚拟，从句应用 if I had known 与主句保持一致。if 虚拟条件句中含 有 had 时，可将 if 省去，同时将 had 提前构成倒装结构。故选 D 项。 考点：虚拟语气 29. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：全队都指望克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多，他从未让他们失望。A 项“服侍，等 待”；B 项“集中（注意力）于”；C 项“指望”；D 项“呼吁，拜访”。故选 C 项。 考点：动词短语辨析 30. 【答案】A 【解析】句意：过去和现在价格一直居高不下的真正原因很复杂，简短的讨论解释这一问题无 法让人满意。根据题干中“and still are”的提示可知过去价格也居高不下，故用一般过去时， 表示过去的状态。故选 A 项。 考点：时态 31. 【答案】A 【解析】句意：警官决定对这起案件进行一次彻底全面的审查。A 项“综合的，全面的，有理 解力的”；B 项“复杂的”；C 项“有意识的”；D 项“至关重要的”。故选 A 项。 考点：形容词词义辨析 32. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校必须做出调整。A 项“判断，决 断”；B 项“调整”；C 项“评价，评论”；D 项“成就”。故选 B 项。 考点：名词词义辨析 第 16 页 共 24 页 33. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—为什么你没有邀请约翰出席你的生日聚会？—你知道的，他是个令人扫兴的 人。A 项“早起的鸟儿（比喻勤劳的人）”；B 项“扫兴的人或物”；C 项“幸运儿”；D 项“棘 手的事情，难对付的人”。故选 B 项。 考点：英语俗语 34. 【答案】D 【解析】句意：要不是爱迪生的发明，今天我们身边享用的很多东西都将不复存在。A 项“多 亏”，具有很强的迷惑性，如将题干改成“______ Thomas Edison, now we can benefit from many of the things around us.”则选 A 项；B 项“不管，不顾”；C 项“除了”；D 项“要不是”，常用 于隐藏式（含蓄式）虚拟条件句。故选 D 项。 考点：介词短语辨析 35. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—戴夫，去跟你的妈妈道歉。—我想这样做，但是我担心她对我的道歉不满 意。A 项“请求”；B 项“借口”；C 项“道歉”；D 项“遗憾，后悔”。故选 C 项。 考点：名词词义辨析 第二节：完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分) 【答案】36.B 37.A 38.D39.C 40. B41. A42. A43.D 44.C 54.D 55.C 45.B 46.D 47.D 48.C 49.A 50.C 51.B 52.D 53.B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者读了Bernie Siegel的书，深受书中积极人生观的影响。之后 作者不幸身患癌症，病痛的折磨是他放弃了写作，但在治疗期间结实一位同样受到Bernie的影 响，年迈却仍然坚持写作的病友。在病友死后，作者又重新拾起纸笔。 36.【答案】B 【解析】考查名词。根据首段首句可知，作者读了Bernie Siegel的书，深受书中积极人生观的 影响。此处unconventional ideas意为“非传统的观点”与上句中“积极的人生观”呼应。A项 “口味”；B项“观点”；C项“笔记”；D项“记忆”。故选B项。 37.【答案】A 【解析】考察形容词。根据上文中“unconventional(非传统的)”和“unexceptional(例外的)” 提示可知，他书中所写的东西对我来说十分的惊异。A项“令人惊异的”；B项“令人震惊的”；C 项“有趣的”；D项“奇怪的”。故选A项。 38.【答案】D 【解析】考查名词。have an impact on为固定搭配，意为“对…有影响”。A项“打击”；B项“推， 逼迫”；C项“挑战”；D项“影响”。故选D项。 第 17 页 共 24 页 39.【答案】C 【解析】考查动词短语。根据下文可知，作者不幸身患癌症，病痛的折磨使他放弃了写作。但 病友的执着和 Bernie Siegel 积极的人生观让自己又重新拾起纸笔，渡过了这段艰难时期。A 项 “从…中获取经验，汲取教训”；B 项“复习，仔细检查”；C 项“渡过难关”；D 项“提到，涉及， 参考”。故选 C 项。 40.【答案】B 【解析】考查名词。根据下文中“…, I lost my drive to write”可知，作者是一名抱负的作家。 A 项“读者”；B 项“作家”；C 项“编辑”；D 项“医生”。故选 B 项。 41.【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词。句意：尽管我是一个积极的人，还是失去了写作的动力。a positive person 与 lost my drive to write 构成让步关系，且与上文 positivity 呼应。 A 项“积极的”；B 项 “称心如意的”；C 项“幽默的”；D 项“诚实的”。故选 A 项。 42.【答案】A 【解析】考查名词。句意：我就是感觉太累，没有心情去写。in the mood 意为“没有心情去做 事”。A 项“心情”；B 项“位置，职位”；C 项“状态”；D 项“方式”。故选 A 项。 43.【答案】D 【解析】考查名词。句意：一天，当我在等待治疗时，手里拿着 Bernie 的一本书。A 项“建 议”；B 项“提及，参考”；C 项“保护”；D 项“治疗”。故选 D 项。 44.【答案】C 【解析】考查动词。句意：另外一个病人注意到我在读些什么，主动跟我攀谈起来。A 项 “认 为”；B 项“知道，了解”；C 项 “（无意中）注意到”；D 项 “想知道”。故选 C 项。 45.【答案】B 【解析】考查连词。句意：该空后是他主动和我攀谈的原因：他身上也有一本 Bernie 的书。A 项表示时间或轻微转折；B 项表示原因；C 项表示让步；D 项表示条件。故选 B 项。 46.【答案】D 【解析】考查动词短语。除此之外，他是一位八十岁的作家。A 项 “出现，出版”；B 项“锻 炼，解决，制定”；C 项“证明是合适的，令人满意的”；D 项“证明是，结果是”。it turned out that 是固定搭配，意为“结果是…，结果证明…”故选 D 项。 47.【答案】D 【解析】考查副词。句意：事实上，他是一位撰稿人，目前在写一本新书。A 项 “自然地”；B 项“仅仅”；C 项“有希望地”；D 项“事实上”。故选 D 项。 48.【答案】C 第 18 页 共 24 页 【解析】考查动词搭配。根据句意可知，他目前在写一本新书。A 项 decide on“决定，确定”； B 项 invest on“投资，花时间在…上”；C 项 work on“从事，忙于”；D 项 rely on“依赖，依靠”。 故选 C 项。 49.【答案】A 【解析】考查动词。句意：我们总是在许多时候见到对方，成了朋友。A 项 “成为”；B 项“帮 助”；C 项“错过”；D 项“拜访”。故选 A 项。 50.【答案】C 【解析】考查名词。根据句意可知，他的确是 Bernie 的粉丝。A 项 “病人”；B 项“操作员，接 线员”；C 项“粉丝”；D 项“出版商”。故选 C 项。 51.【答案】B 【解析】考查名词。根据句意可知，他的举动感染了我，使我在生活中面带微笑。A 项 “标 志，迹象，征兆”；B 项“微笑”；C 项“标记”；D 项“面罩”。故选 B 项。 52.【答案】D 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：他去年不幸死于癌症，但给我留下了深刻的印象。A 项 “出 现，露面”；B 项“出发，动身”；C 项“跌倒”；D 项“去世”。故选 D 项。 53.【答案】B 【解析】考查连词。句意：他去年不幸死于癌症，但给我留下了深刻的印象。A 项表示时间； B 项表示转折；C 项表示结果；D 项表示原因。故选 B 项。 54.【答案】D 【解析】考查名词。句意：他激励我重新拾起纸笔。A 项 “指导”；B 项“信任”；C 项“机会”； D 项“鼓舞，激励，启发”。故选 D 项。 55.【答案】C 【解析】考查名词。句意：我对自己说：“如果他能做到，我也能。”A 项 “承诺”；B 项“郑重 发誓”；C 项 think to oneself “自言自语”；D 项“回答”。故选 C 项。 第三部分：阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) A 篇.【答案】56．A 57．C 【解析】本文是一篇应用文（旅游指南）。介绍了去新西兰旅游中要保护的动物，处理好垃 圾，注意路标等注意事项， 56.【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了去新西兰旅游中的注意事项，根据关键词 “Be considerate，be careful，take care”等可推知游客的行为应体现出关爱和尊重。故选 A 项。 57.【答案】C 第 19 页 共 24 页 【解析】细节理解题。根据小标题“Keep to the track”下内容可知，可知在新西兰旅游时，为 了减少破坏植物的可能，鼓励游客顺着路走。露营设施是提供好的，排除 A 项；B 项偷换主 体，埋藏的是 toilet waste，而非 glass；D 项偷换概念，observe no smoking signs，而非 observe signs to approach nesting birds。故选 C 项。 B 篇.【答案】58．B 59．B 60．D 【解析】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍了电子垃圾的产生、危害以及相关解决措施。 58.【答案】B 【解析】推理判断题。文章第一段告诉我们，每年有大量废弃电子产品被随意丢弃。紧接着第 二段首句指出：电子设备中含有有用的金属，如金和银，并用 Swiss study 佐证这一观点，因 此可以推知电子垃圾值得充分利用。故选 B 项。 59.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。文章六、七、八三段围绕“生产责任延伸”展开的，最后一段做了总 结，根据“a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the cost and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.”可知 B 项正确，是对该句的同义压缩。故选 B 项。 60.【答案】D 【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文文章先描述了废弃电子产品被随意丢弃这一现象，接着指出电 子垃圾的可利用价值和潜在风险，主要是由于对废弃电子产品的管理不善造成的，最后呼吁政 府和生产商对此承担一定的责任。故选 D 项。 C 篇.【答案】61．D 62．B 63．C 64．A 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章分析讲述志愿者为什么自发地去服务社会，并通过 3 个实验 研究志愿者的意图。 61.【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知人们做志愿者工作的原因为“to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences and to develop social relationships”，再结合“If volunteer positions do not meet those needs, people may not wish to participate.”，可知答案为 D 项（满足内在要求）。 62.【答案】 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中“training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”可知志愿者应从心理上做好充分的准备。故选 B 项。 63.【答案】C 第 20 页 共 24 页 【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段第二句中“those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work”可知志愿 者身份认同会激励他们继续从事志愿者工作。故选 C 项。 64.【答案】A 【解析】标题归纳题。文章首段提出假设：假如你是一名组织领导人，很想得到志愿者的帮 助。并指出在此之前，必须弄清楚志愿者为什么自发地去服务社会，并通过 3 个实验研究志愿 者的意图。因此 A 项（如何使人们从事志愿者服务）是文章的最佳标题。 D 篇.【答案】65．D 66．C 67．A 68．B 69．A 70．D 【解析】这是一篇历史文化类说明文。文章讲述了自由的起源、演变和它在古代文化下的形态 和缺陷，以及数字化世界给自由带来的挑战。 65.【答案】D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子后半句“one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses”可知 tyrannies 是拥有绝对统治权的政府。故选 D 项。 66.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，雅典人之所以能自由的生活在一起，是因为他们 能够自愿在法律规定和价值体系下从事一切活动。故选 C 项。 67.【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，雅典人后来态度发生了转变，因为他们开始认为 政府应该为他们的劳动付费，给他们提供舒适的生活，而个人的自律和责任意识变得淡薄。故 选 A 项。 68.【答案】B 【解析】句意理解题。根据第五段第三句“If men insisted on being free from the burden of self- dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free”可知唯一的结果 就是雅典人不再享有自由。故选 B 项 69.【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Athens lost freedom forever, but freedom was not lost forever for the world”及“Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind, but once man has a great and good idea, it is never completely lost. The Digital Age cannot destroy it.”可知作者并 没有因此而失去信心，相反对自由充满了希望。故选 A 项。 70.【答案】D 【解析】观点态度题。作者通过雅典人对自由态度变化的对比，得出自由需要责任的保证这一 结论。故选 D 项。 第 21 页 共 24 页 第四部分：任务型阅读(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 【答案】71．rewards/rewarded 72．Explanations 73．involvement 77．withdraw 78．profession(s)/intention 74．share 75．threat 79．adapt 76．prepare 80．depends 【解析】文章结合弗洛伊德心理学理论，分析了不同人群对新闻报道的接受习惯和反应特征， 从新闻类别、读者反应、异类互渗等角度考察了考生在信息检索、内容归纳、语言结构等方面 的知识与能力。难度较 14年有所下降，重点考查考察信息转换题，涉及词性和词义转换，学 生“有据可循”，归纳概括题比例明显下降。 71.【解析】信息查找题根据“People select news in expectation of a reward. This reward may be either of two kinds.”可知此处填 rewards/rewarded“得到回报，被奖励”。 72.【解析】信息归纳题。文章二、三、四段是对“immediate reward(即时回报)”和“delayed reward(迟来的回报)”的解释。 73.【解析】信息转换题。根据第三段第二句“A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved.”可知此处填 involvement“参与”。 74.【解析】信息归纳题。根据第三段中“A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved. He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder, shake his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane, identify himself with the winning team, and laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.”可知读者会将自己和新闻故事中发生的 事紧紧联系在一起，和参与者有相似的感受。因此此处填 share“同样有”。 75. 【 解 析 】 信 息 查 找 题 。 根 据 第 四 段 中 “It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance — as, for example, when he reads of the threatening foreign situation, the mounting national debt, rising taxes, falling market, scarce housing, and cancer. It has a kind of ‘threat value.’”可知此处填 threat“威胁”。 76.【解析】信息转换题。根据第四段中“It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared.”可知此处填 prepare，与后面介词 for 搭配“为…做准备”。 77.【解析】信息查找题。根据第四段中“When he selects news of the other kind, he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.”可知此处填 withdraw “退出，离开”。 78.【解析】归纳概括题。根据最后一段中“For example, a sociologist may read news of crime as a social problem, rather than for its immediate reward. A coach may read a sports story for its threat value: he may have to play that team next week. A politician may read an account of his latest successful public meeting, not for its delayed reward, but very much as his wife reads an account of a 第 22 页 共 24 页 party.”可知读者对新闻故事的期待很大程度上受他们职业的影响。此处填 profession(s)“职 业”或 intention“意图，动机”。 79.【解析】信息查找题。根据第四段中“When a reader selects delayed reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work.”可知 此处填 adapt“使适应”。 80.【解析】归纳概括题。根据最后一段中“while the division of categories holds in general, an individual’s tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another, or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.”可知这一分类取决于读者个体。此处填 depends， 和后面的介词 on 搭配“取决于”。 第五部分：书面表达（满分 25 分） 81.【答案】One possible version The traffic issue is a hard nut to crack. It not only affects our everyday life, but may also threaten people’s lives. The three selections presented above are typical examples. Quite a few things give rise to the traffic problem. In spite of the large-scale construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, because of the ever increasing number of cars these years. What’s worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules. In fact, traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order. Without them, people could not enjoy harmony or the country would be in chaos. But rules alone don’t secure an orderly society. It is the people who obey the rules that matter. It is everybody’s duty to observe them to keep our society in order and going on the right track. (150 words) 【解析】今年江苏高考英语采用了“材料类-图形-提纲类”形式，综合考察考生阅读材料，识 图和写作能力，较往年有所创新，也增加了难度。材料分为三部分：第一部分讲述了一位老奶 奶阻止车辆停放引发的争议；第二部分讲述了行人和自行车不遵守红绿灯，导致交通事故发生 的现象；第三部分是图表和文字，反映近几年车辆的数量激增现象。要求第一段用 30 个单词 概括材料内容；第二段分析导致交通问题的原因；第三段从社会规则和个人行为谈谈启示（不 少于两点）。 【亮点说明】范文严格按照“三步走”的格局，第一段用短短 26 单词概括了所给材料，得益 于使用了“not only…,but also…”这一经典句型；第二段分析了导致交通问题的原因，使用了 “give rise to，large-scale construction of ，the increasing number of，(be) vital to”等高级词汇， 同时“what’s more”衔接词的恰当使用使该段条理清晰。第三段句型多样，变换使用了 “without 虚拟语气，it is…who…强调句型，it is one’s duty to do sth.”等句型，为文章增色不 第 23 页 共 24 页 少。 第 24 页 共 24 页