2015年全国高考英语试题及答案下载

2015 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语(北京卷) 本试卷共 16 页， 共150 分。考试时间为 120 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡 上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题，每段对话你将听一遍。 例：What is the man going to read？ A．A newspaper B．A magazine C．A book 答案是 A 1. Whatkind of music does the woman like？ A．Classical music B. Rock music C. Country music 2. Which sweater will the man take? A．The red one B。The blue oneC. The yellow one 3.How will the man pay？ A．In cash B. By credit card C. By traveler’s cheque C. On the table 4.Where are the woman’s keys? A. In her pocket B. On the floor 5.What will the man probably do tonight? A. Read Chapter 4 B. Study in the library C. Watch the football match 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 听下面 4 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、 第 1 页 共 25 页 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每 小题。听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。 6.What is the relationship between the two speakers？ A．Travel agent and customer B．Husband and wife C．Boss and secretary 7.When will the meetings end？ A．At3:00pm. B. At 5:00pm. C. At 6:30pm. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。 8.Where is the foreign language section？ A．In Row 3. B. In Row 5. C. In Row 7 9.What does the man decide to borrow? A. Novels. B. Biographies. C. Magazines 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10.Why dose the man make the call? A. To ask for information B. To make an appointment C. To send out an invitation 11.What sport is the man interested in? A. Football B. Basketball C. Swimming 12.On what days is the sports center closed? A. Mondays B. Fridays C. Sundays 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 15 题。 13.What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Rules of the school B. Course requirements C. Notices of the new term. 第 2 页 共 25 页 14.Which club will meet on Wednesdays? A. Baseball B. Dance C. Chess 15.When will the parents’ evening for Year 8 be held? A. In September B. In October C. In November 第三节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分） 听下面一段对话，完成第 16 至第 20 五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前， 你将有 20 秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有 60 秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你 将听两遍。 Cell Phone Repair Form Customer’s Name Telephone No. Thomas 16 17 Time of Purchase Problem 18 1st,2015 Screen went19 20 it up and check the inside Solution（解决方案） 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）（略） 第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分） 从每题所给的 ABCD 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。 例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago. A. What’s more C. In other words B. That’s to say 16 D.Believe it or not 答案是 D。 第 3 页 共 25 页 21. _____the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. A. CatchingB. CaughtC. To catchD. Catch 22. —Did you enjoy the party? —Yes. We _____well by our hosts. A. were treated 23.The park was full of people ____ themselves in the sunshine A. having enjoyedB. enjoyedC. enjoying 24.Opposite is St.Paul’s Church, _____you can hear some lovely music. B. would be treated C. treated D. had treated D. to enjoy A. which 25.He is a shy man, _____he is not afraid of anything or anyone. A. soB. butC. or B. that C. when D. where D. as 26.In the last few years, China _____ great achievements in environmental protection. A. has madeB. had madeC. was makingD. is making 27—Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house? —Not really. She _____ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. A. was to giveB. had givenC. was givingD. would give 28.You won’t find paper cutting difficult _____you keep practicing it. A. even thoughB. as long asC .as ifD. ever since 29.—Can’t you stay a little longer? —It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone. A .mayB .canC . mustD .dare 30.—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment. —All right. I____ him later. A. will callB. have called 31.If ___for the job, you’ll be informed soon. A .to acceptB. acceptC. acceptingD. accepted 32._____the damage is dose , it will take many years for the farmland to recover. A. UntilB. UnlessC. OnceD. Although 33.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within. C. callD will be calling A. thatB. whereC. what D. why 第 4 页 共 25 页 34.IfI _____it with my own eyes , I wouldn’t have believed it. A .didn’t seeB. weren’t seeingC. Wouldn’t seeD. hadn’t seen 35._____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. A. WhereB. HowC. WhyD. When 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项 涂黑。 A Welcome Gift Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them36 sideby side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud37 filledthe room and made them feel very happy. The next morning, 38 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 39 under their door during the night. One of their neighbor had written to complain( 抱 怨 ) about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 40 people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their playing. 41 and apologize for their “Maybe we could go and42 everyone in person.” his mother said. instead? Dario asked. “What if we invited them to come here for a43 They both loved the and prepared desserts 44 45 . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights. Finally, the day of the party46 brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to47 .One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, . Some guests brought presents. Others 48 Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin. “I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I49 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing.” 第 5 页 共 25 页 Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we50 you an apology.” she said. “I didn’t51 howlate it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night. “You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such52 music. ” “These songs are beautiful music. ” Dario’s mother said. “We will be play them in the evening.” 53 to “And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward 54 thenew music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big to smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of they were home at last. 55 andmade him feel that 36. A. sat B. stood C. lay D. walked 37. A. voiceB. ring C. music D. cry 38. A. therefore B. however B. poster C. otherwiseD. instead D. report 39. A. note C. bill 40. A. proudB. rich C. lucky D. nice 41. A. neighborsB. friends 42. A. blameB. instruct 43. A. partyB. concert 44. A. experienceB. idea C. relatives D. audience C. question C. show D. visit D. play D. from C. performance D. action 45. A. to B. with C. for C. passed 46. A. continuedB. arrived 47. A. orderB. sell D. finished D. advertise C. share 48. A. treated B. presented B. admitted C. helped C. agreed D. owe D. served 49. A. promised D. worried 50. A. give B. send C. offer 51. A. realize B. remember C. understand D. loud D. accept 52. A. sweetB. strange 53. A. braveB. sorry C. funny C. happy D. afraid 第 6 页 共 25 页 54. A. changing 55. A. equality B. practicing B. freedom C. recordingD. writing C. warmthD. sympathy 第三部分：阅读理解 （共两节，20 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文：从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，将正 确的选项涂在答题卡上。 AThe Boy Made It! One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn’t have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute. Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use. He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter form the freezing wind and snow. If he didn’t, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him. Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could. By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn’t lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could — he huddled (蜷缩) in his cave and slept. The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldn’t find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could 第 7 页 共 25 页 die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved. Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls’ survival show Man vs. Wild. That’s where he learned the tips that saved his life. In each episode(一期节目) of Man vs. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out. When Grylls heard about Nicholas’ amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive. 56. What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon? A. He got lost. B. He broke his skis. D. He caught a cold. C. He hurt his eyes. 57. How did Nicholas keep himself warm? A. He found a shelter. B. He lighted some branches. C. He kept on skiing. D. He built a snow cave. .58. On Tuesday, Nicholas A. returned to his shelter safely. B. was saved by a searcher. C. got stuck in the snow D. stayed where he was 59. Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he A. did the right things in the dangerous situation. B. watched Grylls’ TV program regularly C. created some tips for survival D. was very hard-working .BRevolutionary TV Ears 第 8 页 共 25 页 TV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume(音量) and now it’s better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level that’s comfortable for them. You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute(静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment —maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame. TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction car tip, not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. That’s why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists(听觉学家) nationwide as well as world-famous doctors. Doctor Recommended TV Ears! “My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a great help in our enjoyment of television . As a retired ear doctor, I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss.” — Robert Forbes, M. D, CA 第 9 页 共 25 页 Customer Recommended TV Ears! “ Now my husband can have the volume as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my hearing level. TV Ears is so comfortable that Jack forgets he has them on ! He can once again hear and understand the dialogue.” — Darlene & Jack B, CA Risk FreeTrial! TV Ears comes with a 30-day risk free trial. Special Offer — Now＄59.95. If you’re not satisfied, return it. Money-back guarantee! Call now ! 800-123-7832 60. TV Ears helps you ______. A. improve your sleeping quality B. listen to TV without disturbing others C. change TV channels without difficulty D. become interested in ballgame programs 61. What makes TV Ears different from other headsets? A. It can easily set TV on mute B. Its headset volume is adjustable C. It has a new noise reduction ear tip D. It applies special wireless technology 62.This advertisement is made more believable by ______. A. using recommendations B. offering reasons for this invention C. providing statistics D. showing the results of experiments 第 10 页 共 25 页 CLife in the Clear Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet—as far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their life alone. They never touch anything unless they’re eating it, or unless something is eating them.” And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through? It’s trickier than you might think. The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter(散射) light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily. But a transparent object doesn’t absorb or scatter light, at least not very much, Light can pass through it without bending or stopping. That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from the surrounding air or water. You don’t see it —-you see the things behind it. To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments(色素) that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesn’t have pigments, so its tissues won’t absorb light. According to Johnsen, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light from scattering. Animals are built of many different materials—-skin, fat, and more—-and light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier to be see—through. Others build a large, clear mass of 第 11 页 共 25 页 non-living jelly-lie(果冻状的)material and spread themselves over it . Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does. They need to look uniform. But how they’re doing it is still unknown. One thing is clear for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent milky white. 63. According to Paragraph 1, transparent animals_______. A. stay in groups B. can be easily damaged D. are beautiful creatures C. appear only in deep ocean 64. The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means__________. A. silently B. gradually C. regularly D. completely 65. One way for an animal to become transparent is to ________. A. change the direction of light travel B. gather materials to scatter light. C. avoid the absorption of light D. grow bigger to stop light. 66. The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals________. A. move more slowly in deep water B. stay see-through even after death C. produce more tissues for their survival D. take effective action to reduce light spreading DTechnological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes. An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys (调 查 ) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “some what” overly-protective even after their children move 第 12 页 共 25 页 into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that today’s parents are trying to manage their children’s lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate. However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children. In the context (背景) of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’ involvement with their grown children. If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible? Probably not. On the other hand, does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn’t present a generation ago? Many studies show that older parents—today’s grandparents—would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier. Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children. The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home. This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past. Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. This has many implications well beyond the role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college. But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings. 67. The surveys inform us of______. A. the development of technology B. the changes of adult children’s behavior 第 13 页 共 25 页 C. the parents’ over-protection of their college children D. the means and expenses of students’ communication 68. The writer believes that__________. A. parents today are more protective than those in the past B. the disadvantages of new technology outweigh its advantages C. technology explains greater involvement with their children D. parents’ changed attitudes lead to college children’s delayed independence 69. What is the best title for the passage? A. Technology or Attitude B. Dependence or Independence C. Family Influences or Social Changes D. College Management or Communication Advancement 70. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage? 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七 个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。 This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and 第 14 页 共 25 页 clumsy._71__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __72__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__73_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings. It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__74__ Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.____75_ Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds. A. Having interesting things to think about also helps. B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves. C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes. D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive. F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand. G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re inthe daydream zone. 第 15 页 共 25 页 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分） 第一节（15 分） 假如你是红星中学高三李华，请给你的美国朋友 Jim 写一封信，告诉他 你打算参加龙舟训练营，希望他一起参加，邮件的内容包括： 1. 介绍训练营的相关内容（例如；时间，地点，参加者等）； 2. 说明你打算参加的原因； 3. 询问对方的意向。 注意： 1. 词数不少于 50； 2. 开头和结尾已给出， 不计入总词数。 提示词：龙舟训练营 Dragon Boat Training Camp Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （ 20 分） 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序， 介绍在“传统文化进校园”活动中，向面人艺术家学习捏面人的过程， 并以“A Day with a Craftsman”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件。 注意： 词数不少于 60。 提示词： 一个面团 a piece of dough 面人 dough figurine 第 16 页 共 25 页 （请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内） 2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语（北京卷）参考答案 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分） 1.B 2.A 3.A4.B 5.C 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 6.C 7.A 12.A 8.C 13.C 9.B 14.C 10.A 15.B 11.B 第三节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分） 每小题 1.5 分。如出现拼写错误不计分；出现大小写、单复数错误扣 0.5 分；如每小题超 过一个词不计分。 16. Tarshis/TARSHIS 19.black 17.627935 20. Open/open 18.May 第 17 页 共 25 页 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分） 21.C 26.A 31.D 22.A 27.B 32.C 23.C 28.B 33.A 24.D 29.C 34.D 25.B 30.A 35.B 第二节 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 36.A 41.A 46.B 51.A 37.C 42.D 47.C 52.D 38.B 43.A 48.B 53.C 39.A 44.B 49.D 54.B 40.D 45.C 50.D 55.C 第三部分： 阅读理解（共两节，40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 56.A 61.C 66.D 57.D 62.A 67.C 58.B 63.B 59.A 64.D 60.B 65.C 68.C 69.A 70.B 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 71.B 72.C73.A 74.E 75.G 第四部分 书面表达（共两节，35 分） 第一节（15 分） One possible version: Dear Jim, I’m writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday. I want to join a Dragon Boat Camp. I wonder if you’d like to go with me. This camp will open on July 20 th , It offers teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture. If you are interested in it, let me know and I’ll send you more information. Hope to meet you at the training camp this summer. 第二节（20 分） 一、内容要点： 1.欢迎 2.示范 第 18 页 共 25 页 3.实践 二、one possible version Last Tuesday, our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines. When the craftsman came into the classroom, we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box. First, he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We stood around him and watched attentively. Then we started to have a try ourselves. The old man walked around and helped us patiently. Finally, we put the figurines we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman. Looking at the figurines, we were all very excited. We hope we can have more activities of this kind! 2012 年课标全国卷高考真题解析 第一节 单项填空 21. A9 【2015·课标北京卷】 ___________ the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up every early. A. Catching C. To catch B. Caught D. Catch 【答案与解析】C 考查非谓语动词。根据语境，“为了赶上早航班， 我们提前订了出租 车”，用不定式表示目的，此处需要目的状语。所以，选 C。 22. A11 【2015·课标北京卷】 —Did you enjoy the party? —Yes, we __________well by our hosts. A. were treated C. treated B. would be treated D. had treated 【答案与解析】A 考查动词时态和语态。根据上下文，这里谈的事举行过的一次聚会，应 该用过去时，再加上“我们是被主人招待的”，所以综合考虑，这里需要用过去时的被动式， 选 A. 23. A9【2015·课标北京卷】 The park was full of people, _____________ themselves in the sunshine. A. having enjoyed C. enjoying B. enjoyed D. to enjoy 【答案与解析】C 考查非谓语动词。enjoying 为现在分词做状语，充当句子的伴随状语， 与前面的 people 形成逻辑上的主谓关系。所以选 C。 24. A15【2015·课标北京卷】 Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, __________ you can hear some lovely music. A. which C. when B. that D. where 【答案与解析】D 考查定语从句。空格前面是一个表示地点的专有名词 St. Paul’s Church， 第 19 页 共 25 页 其后的定语从句中有主语和谓语，缺失的是表示地点的状语，相当于“在这个教堂里”，所以 选 D。 25. A6【2015·课标北京卷】He is a shy man, ___________ he is not afraid of anything or anyone. A. so B. but C. or D. as 【答案与解析】B 考查并列句的连接词。根据语境，“他是个腼腆的人，但他并不怕任何 事或任何人”。 but 用来连接并列但语义对比的两个句子。 26. A11【2015·课标北京卷】 In the last few years, China __________ great achievements in environmental protection. A. has mad B. had made C. was making D. is making 【答案与解析】A 考查动词时态。根据时间状语 in the last few years 可知，在最近的几年 里，是从过去到现在的情况，所以用现在完成时。 27. A11【2015·课标北京卷】—Did you have any difficulty finding Ann’s house? —Not really. She _______________ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. A. was to give C. was giving B. had given D. would give 【答案与解析】B 考查动词时态。根据问话中的过去时判断，Ann 告诉方向应该是在找到 她家之前，也就是过去的过去，所以适合用过去完成时。 28. A14【2015·课标北京卷】You won’t find paper cutting difficult ____________ you keep practicing it. A. even though C. as if B. as long as D. ever since 【答案与解析】B 考查状语从句。even though=even if“即使”，引导让步状语从句；as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句，相当于 if；as if=as though“仿佛，好像”，引导方式状语从 句；ever since“自从”，引导时间状语从句。本句意思是只要坚持练习，剪纸就不难。所以 选 B。 29. A10【2015·课标北京卷】 —Can’t you stay a little longer? —It’s getting late. I really _____________ go now. My daughter is home alone. A. may C. must B. can D. dare 【答案与解析】C 考查情态动词用法。“天晚了，所以必须走”。 may 可能，can 能，可以， must 必须，dare 敢于。 30. A11【2015·课标北京卷】—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment. —All right. I _____________ him later. A. will call C. call B. have called D. will be calling 【答案与解析】A 考查动词时态。根据第一句的时态判断，Dr. Jackson 目前不在办公室， 所以打电话时未来的事，选用 A。 31. A9【2015·课标北京卷】 If _______________ for the job, you’ll be informed soon. A. to accept C. accepting B. accept D. accepted 【答案与解析】D 考查非谓语动词。本句的主语是 you，是被接纳的对象，所以用过去分 词表被动。前面的句子相当于”If you are accepted”,也可以视为省略的条件状语从句。 32. A14【2015·课标北京卷】 ___________ the damage is done, it will take many years for 第 20 页 共 25 页 the farmland to recover. A.Until B. Unless C. Once D. Although 【答案与解析】C 考查状语从句。until 引导时间状语从句，“直到…时候”；unless 引导条 件状语从句，“除非，如果不”；once 引导时间状语从句，“一旦”；although 引导让步状语从 句，“尽管”。根据语境，这里是说“一旦造成损害，土地要好几年才能恢复”。故选 C。 33. A13【2015·课标北京卷】I truly believe ____________ beauty comes from within. A. that B. where D. why C. what 【答案与解析】A 考查名词性从句。believe 后为宾语从句，从句中成分齐全，只需要一个 连接词即可，所以选 A。 34. A10【2015·课标北 京卷】If I ____________ it with my own eyes, I wouldn’t have believed it. A. didn’t see B. weren’t seeing D. hadn’t seen C. wouldn’t see 【答案与解析】D 考查虚拟语气。根据主句的时间推断，这里说的是过去的一件事情。因 此，从句也要使用与过去事实相反的一种假设，故选 D。 35. A13【2015·课标北京卷】 _____________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. A.Where C. Why B. How D. When 【答案与解析】B 考查名词性从句。has 之前的为句子的主语部分，即主语从句。根据语 境，这里想表达“我们如何理解事物与我们的感受有很大关系，故选 B。 第二节 完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 A、B、 C 和 D 中, 选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 B1【2015 课标北京卷】 【要点综述】 本文讲述的是邻里冲突的故事。一对母子乔迁新居后的当天晚上一起弹奏钢琴进行庆祝， 但第二天早上却收到了邻居充满抱怨的字条。母子商讨，最终决定举办一个聚会向邻居表达 歉意。在参加聚会的邻居中，写抱怨字条的女士向母子赠送了一本轻音乐的书，邻里最终皆 大欢喜。 36.A 此题考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的play jazz music可知，他们坐下弹奏钢琴。所以选 择sat。stood 站；lay 躺；walked 走。 37.C 此题考查名词词义辨析。根据语境中的jazz music,可知这里就是指爵士乐这种稍响的音 乐music。voice 人声；ring 铃声；cry 哭声。 38.B 此题考查副词词义辨析。根据上下句的逻辑关系，他们晚上庆祝的非常开心，第二天 这种愉悦消失了。由此推断，选择的是however，然而, 表示前后的转折。therefore因此； otherwise 否则；instead 反而。 39.A 此题考查名词词义辨析。根据语境中的“under their door”和后面文段中的“so I wrote a short note”来判断，门缝下下出现的应该是note，纸条。poster海报；bill 账单；report 报 告。 第 21 页 共 25 页 40.D 此题考查形容词词义辨析。此空与空后的语句“he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that”形成对比关系，意思是“这里住的都是好人，但无法想象有人干了这件事（写纸条）” 由此可以推断修饰people的应该是nice，好。proud骄傲的；lucky幸运的；rich 富有的。 41. A此题考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文，写纸条的是邻居，因此道歉信也应该写给邻居 neighbors。friends 朋友；relatives 亲戚；audiences听众，观众。 42. D此题考查动词词义辨析。根据语境，知道他们要向邻居道歉，所以需要亲自（in person）拜访visit。blame 责备；instruct指导；question 质疑。 43.A 此题考查名词词义辨析。根据后文46空处信息可知，他们决定改登门拜访为举办聚会 party。concert 音乐会；show演出；play 话剧。 44.B 此题考查名词词义辨析。这里是母子在谈论如何向邻居致歉，想出了举办party的主意。 因此母子都喜欢这个想法idea。experience经验，经历；performance表演；action行动。 45.C 此题考查介词词义辨析。根据语境，他们发出邀请，并为客人们准备了甜点。for，为 了。to朝向；with 带有、和；from 从、来自。 46.B 此题考查动词词义辨析。根据语境，准备多日的聚会终于到来了arrived，来到。continued 继续；passed通过，经过；finished 完成。 47.C 此题考查动词词义。根据语境，客人们带来鲜花（给作者和母亲），有的还带来了甜 品，当然是和参加聚会的人分享，share。order 订购；sell 卖；advertise 做广告。 48.B 此题考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文中写纸条、轻柔音乐等判断，Mrs. Gilbert赠送给 母亲一本肖邦钢琴曲的书，presented，敬献，赠送。treated款待; helped帮助；served 招待， 服侍。 49.D 此题考查动词词义辨析。Mrs. Gilbert讲述投诉纸条的事情，当时被Dairo家里的琴声吵 醒，担心以后会每天都会被吵醒，才写了纸条。她表达的是自己当时的担心worried。promised 承诺；admitted承认，容许；agreed赞成。 50.D 此题考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文，Mrs. Gibert和Dario的妈妈冰释前嫌，但Dario的 妈妈觉得自己深夜弹琴吵醒邻居，仍然欠邻居一个道歉，亏欠owe。give给予；send发送；offer 提供。 51.A 此题考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文Dario和妈妈的做事方式可知，他们属于素质较高 的人群，根绝他们反省自己的弹琴行为给邻居带来麻烦，心怀诚意道歉等细节推断，当时弹 琴时对时间没意识到，realize。remember记住；understand 知道；accept接受。 52.D 此题考查形容词词义辨析。根据此空前“Just not so loud at night.”以及上文“Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.”推断书里的音乐应不是特别吵的音乐, loud。sweet甜 的，甜美的；strange奇怪的；funny有趣的。 53.C 此题考查形容词词义辨析。文章中双方和解，Mrs. Gibert还送出了音乐的书以及Dario’s mother 说的“These sounds are beautiful music”，这些都说明Dario和妈妈的态度应该很高兴在 傍晚弹奏这些音乐，happy。brave勇敢；sorry 抱歉，遗憾；afraid担心，害怕。 54.B 此题考查动词词义辨析。根据语境，Mrs. Gibert送给他们一本音乐的书，他们乐于接 受，接下来应该是期待着去练习新曲了。practicing，练习。changing改变；recording记录；writing 写。 55.C 此题考查名词词义辨析。相邻语境中出现了“the big smile on his mother’s face”和“feel that they were home”等，可以推断美好的邻里关系给了新搬来的居民温暖的感觉，warmth。 equality 平等；freedom 自由；sympathy 同情。 第三部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 第 22 页 共 25 页 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A. B. C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑 A【2015 课标北京卷】 The Boy Made It! C2【2015 课标北京卷】 【要点综述】 这是一个故事，讲述了 Nicholas 突遇暴风雪被困，他如何运用从电视节目中所学的逃 生技巧，在雪中生存了三天并获救。 56. A考查事实细节。根据第一段“Nicholas was lost, all alone”可知，他迷路了。 57. D考查事实细节。根据第四段“built a snow cave”和“stay as warm as he could”可 知，他是通过搭建雪洞保暖的。 58. B考查事实细节。根据第六段中Tuesday当天的描述，可以知道他最终获救。 59. A考查推理判断。根据最后一段Grylls对Nicholas出色表现的认可，可以推断Nicholas 把电视上Grylls展示的技巧发挥到极致才得以脱身。而光努力是不可能脱险的，而是方法很 重要。 BC4【2015 课标北京卷】 【要点综述】 这是一篇广告，介绍了一款辅助听力障碍的人士正常收听电视声音的产品— TV Ears。 文章涵盖产品特点、用户反馈、价格和联系方式等。 60. B考查事实细节。根据第一段“hear the television clearly without turning up the volume”可 知，使用这种耳机可以设置自己的耳机音量，而不必因此打扰他人。 61.C 考查事实细节。根据第二段“a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip, not used in any other commercially available headset.”可知，这是该设备独特的地方。 62. A考查推理判断。根据文中医生和使用者的描述，这种产品很好。用户的陈述中都出现 了“Recommended“（推荐），这样权威人士和使用者的推荐可增加其可信度。 CC8【2015 课标北京卷】 【要点综述】 这是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍透明动物之所以透明的原理。 63.B 考查事实细节。根据第一段“Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch.”两个关键词delicate(柔弱的)、damage（破坏）可知，正确答案是B。 64.D 考查猜测词义。根据语境中some…other…部分可知，有些动物散射光线，使之偏离轨 道；而另外一些会吸收光线，使光线止于原来的轨道。因此，这里的dead应该是“完全” （阻止）的意思。dead: adj.无生命的；死的。 adv.完全地。 n.死者。 65.C 考查事实细节。根据文章第五段开头句“To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light.”可知，C为正确选项。 66.D 考查事实细节。根据最后一段“slow down light”可知，对于大型透明动物而言，降低 或减少光线在身体的传播是挑战。 D第 23 页 共 25 页 C7【2015 课标北京卷】 【要点综述】 这是一篇讨论父母和已上大学的子女之间关系的论说文,通过举例阐明了现代的父母对 孩子事务的参与和对孩子的控制甚于以往,但这并不能说父母对孩子仅仅抓住不放。借助现 代技术，父母与孩子的沟通较之以往更好了。 67.C 考查事实细节。根据第二段“suggest parents today continue to be‘very’ or ‘somewhat’ overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories.”可知，C为正确答案。 68.C 考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication.”可知，科技使得父母参与孩子事务的机会更多。所以选C。 69.A 考查主旨大意。开篇作者提出了论题“social changes that are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.”，接下来通过例证说明了家长对孩子 的过分保护到底是技术变化还是态度变化。显然作者是同意前一种观点的。所以选A。 70.B 考查逻辑结构。显然，开篇第一段为总论，最后得出结论。中间分为父母对孩子的控 制加强和放手让孩子成长这两个方面，后放手让孩子成长又包含了过去的父母想对孩子进行 管教却受条件约束。另一方面，大学生对父母在经济上的依赖现象从以往到至今都存在，并 不因当今的交流中涉及就意味着孩子更依赖父母。基于以上原因，选择B。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。【2015 课标北京卷】 Q1【2015 课标北京卷】 解析: 71.【答案与解析】B 考查逻辑关系。首先作者给出主题句“Daydreamers have a bad reputation”，后面用三个并列句给出做白日梦者不好的方面，主语、词义都相似，所以选B。 72. 【答案与解析】C 考查逻辑例证。本段转折谈做白日梦的好处，“great ideas”是关键词， 所以本空可以用例证说明 great ideas 指什么。 73. 【答案与解析】A 考查逻辑关系。本段开篇提出做梦的机会（opportunities）,后面提出 增加机会的方法，三句为并列关系，阐述做什么能够帮助人更好地进入 daydream 的状态， 因此 A 选项关键词 also helps 最为符合。 74. 【答案与解析】E 考查逻辑关系。阐释问题和解决办法。整段阐述如何做到 “Mindfulness”（ being focused），与E选项中的self-control(stay calm and attentive)相匹配。所 以选E。 75. 【答案与解析】G 考查逻辑关系。阐释问题和解决办法。段首提出“never know what wonderful idea might strike”，后面应该提供具体的应对策略，所以建议最好随时把好的想法 记录下来。而记录所需要的重要工具就是G选项中的notebook（笔记本）和voice recorder（录 音设备），G与前一句恰好形成因果关系，故本题选G。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节（15分） （请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内） F4 【2015 课标北京卷】 第 24 页 共 25 页 【思路点拨】 电子邮件是中学生进行交流的一种重要方式，写作时应注意： 1. 内容上应写清活动的 时间、地点、参加者、内容等。2. 人称和时态：以第一人称和一般现在时为主；3. 包含所 有的要点，并可适当发挥。 【参考范文】 Dear Jim, How is everything going? I’m writing to tell you an exciting activity to be held soon. It is about the Dragon Boat Training Camp. I wonder if you’d like to go with me. Teenagers like you and me can take part in it. There we can learn to row dragon boats and experience Chinese traditional culture. If you are interested in joining it, please don’t hesitate to contact me, and I will offer you more information about it. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 第二节（20 分） F1 【2015 课标北京卷】 【思路点拨】 本情景作文使用四幅图展现了向艺术家学习捏面人的过程，是一种记叙文体。该作文应当写 清叙事中的五个“W”（when, where, who, what, why）和一个“how”等信息，重点写出过 程和个人感受。本文宜用第一人称和过去时安排行文，并注意四幅图内容的顺序性和连贯性。 【参考范文】 A Day with a Craftsman Last Friday, our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines, which was aimed at advocating and promoting the Chinese culture. When the craftsman came into our class, we gave him a warm welcome with wild applause. Two boys carried his tool box following him. Then he began to show us how to make figurines by pinching dough. All of us watched attentively with the purpose of memorizing all the procedures. Later on, we attempted to do it ourselves with his patient instructions. We created small animals like pigs, dogs and birds with dough, all of which looked vivid and living. Time flew and two hours had passed before we realized it. At last, with our dough figurines in our hands, we took photos with the craftsman. We were excited because not only did we learn our own culture by making dough figurines also we deepened our understanding of the traditional heritage. 第 25 页 共 25 页