2013年高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）（含解析版）下载

第 1 页共 36 页 2013 年高考英语试卷（新课标 I）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：We ________ last night, but we went to the concert instead. A. must have studied C. should have studied 答案是 C. B. might study D. would study 21. — Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup! — _________, madam. It’s our soup of the day! A. Let me see B. So it is C. Don’t mention it D. Neither do I 22. They might just have a place ________ on the writing course — why don’t you give it a try? A. leave B. left C. leaving D. to leave 23. Try not to cough more than you can your lungs. since it may cause problems to A. check B. allow C. stop D. help 24. If we now to protect the environment, we’ll live to regret it. A. hadn’t acted B. haven’t acted C. don’t act cook dinner. D. won’t act 25. Tony can hardly boil an egg, still A. lessB. littleC. much appears to be the lost ancient statue. D. more 26. Police have found A. which B. where C. how D. what 27. When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I A. have changedB. changeC. had changed my mind. D. would change 28. The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police .A. not to do B. not to C. not do D. do not 第 1 页（共 36 页）第 2 页共 36 页 29. The door A. shouldn’t open, no matter how hard she pushed. B. couldn’t C. wouldn’t D. mightn’t 30. At the last moment, Tom decided to seem more likely. a new character to make the story A. put up B. put in C. put onD. put off 31. India attained A. 不填; a independence in 1947, after long struggle. B. the; a C. an;不填 D. an; the 32. There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery another man, also intelligent, fails. A. since B. if C. as D. while 33. “You can’t judge a book by its cover,” ________ . A. as the saying goes old C. as the old saying goes B. goes as the old saying D. goes as old the saying 34. It was a real race _______ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it. A. overB. byC. forD. against 35. The sunlight is white and blinding, _______ hard-edged shadows on the ground. A. throwingB. being thrownC. to throwD. to be thrown 第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 A、B、C 和 D 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I went to a group activity, “Sensitivity Sunday” which was to make us more 36 the problem faced by disabled people. We were asked to “37 a disability” for several hours one Sunday. Some member 38 chose the wheel chair. Other wore sound-blocking earplugs (耳塞) or blindfolds (眼罩). Just sitting in the wheelchair was a39 experience,I had never considered before how40 itwould be to use one. As soon as I sat down my41 made the chair begin to roll. Its wheel were not42 .Then I wondered where to put my 43 .It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into 44 ,I took my first 第 2 页（共 36 页）第 3 页共 36 页 uneasy look at what was to be my only means of 45 for several hours. For disabled people, “adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary (临时的) 46. I tried to find a47 positionand thought it might be restful,48 of nice to be49 aroundfor a while. Looking around, I50 wouldhave to handle the thing myself! My hands started to ache as I51 theheavy wheels, I of the wheelchair as not going to be53 kind came to know that controlling the task. 52 My wheelchair experiment was soon 54 .It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the mental, that disabled people must overcome. 55 ,both physical and 36. A. curious aboutB. interested in C. aware of C. adopt D. careful with D. analyze D. like me D. relaxing D. exciting D. weight 37. A. cure B. prevent B. strangely B. working B. awkward B. force 38. A. instead 39. A. learning 40. A. convenient 41. A. height 42. A. locked 43. A. hands 44. A. place C. as usual C. satisfying C. boring C. skill B. repaired B. feet C. powered C. keys D. grasped D. handles D. effect B. action C. play 45. A. operation 46. A. exploration 47. A. flexible 48. A. yet B. communicationC. transportation D. production D. entertainment D. comfortable D. even B. education B. safe C. experiment C. starting C. still B. just 49. A. shown 50. A. realized 51. A. lifted B. pushed B. suggested B. turned B. position C. driven D. guided C. agreed C. pressed C. direction D. admitted D. seized 52. A. path D. way 第 3 页（共 36 页）第 4 页共 36 页 53. A. easy B. heavy C. major D. extra 54. A. forgotten 55. A. weaknesses B. repeated B. challenges C. conducted C. anxieties D. finished D. illnesses 第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）第一节（共15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ASome people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Take my family’s last vacation. It was my six-year-old son’s winter break form school, and we were heading home form Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. I had meeting in New York, So I had to get back. But that didn’t mean my husband and my son couldn’t stay. I took my nine-month-old and took off for home. The next day my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouraged — okay, ordered-them to wait it out at the airport, to “earn” more Delta Dollars. Our total take: $1,600. Not bad, huh? Now some people may think I’m a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up. I’ve made living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks. I have been the consumer reporter of NBC’s Today show for over a decade. I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide. And I really do what I believe in. I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth. I’m also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldn’t hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its longer, and it’s the first thing people notice. And I will 第 4 页（共 36 页）第 5 页共 36 页 also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts. 56. Why did Delta give the author’s family credits? A. They took a later flight. B. They had early bookings. D. Their flight had been cancelled. C. Their flight had been delayed. 57. What can we learn about the author? A. She rarely misses a good deal. B. She seldom makes a compromise. C. She is very strict with her children.D. She is interested in cheap products. 58. What does the author do? A. She’s a teacher. B. She’s a housewife. C. She’s a media person.D. She’s a businesswoman. 59. What does the author want to tell us? A. How to expose bad tricks. B. How to reserve airline seats. C. How to spend money wisely.D. How to make a business deal. BThe baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert (警觉). Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze (凝视) starts to lose its focus — until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns; she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world? Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again. Babies paid 第 5 页（共 36 页）第 6 页共 36 页 more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise (同样地 ) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots. 60. The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby’s A.sense of hearingB.sense of sightC.sense of touchD.sense of smell 61. Babies are sensitive to the change in______. .A. the size of cards B. the colour of pictures D. the number of objects C. the shape of patterns 62. Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats? A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment. B. To see how babies recognize sounds. C. To carry their experiment further. D. To keep the babies’ interest. 63. Where does this text probably come from? A. Science fiction. B. Children’s literature. D. A science report. C. An advertisement. CIt happened to me recently. I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama’s Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President. A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was, in his words, “a brilliantly（精彩地）written book”. however, he then went on to talk abour Mr. Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all. I sensed that I was talking to a book liar. And it seems that my friend is not the only one. Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven’t. In the World Book Day’s “Report on Guilty Secrets”, Dreams From My Father is at number 9. The report lists 第 6 页（共 36 页）第 7 页共 36 页 ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading, and as I’m not one to lie too often (I’d hate to be caught out ), I’ll admit here and now that I haven’t read the entire top ten. But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of peoplt, I have read the book at number one, George Orwell’s 1984. I think it’s really brilliant. The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it. It says that many people lie about having read jane Austen, Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoevsky (I haven’t read him, but haven’t lied about it either)and Herman Melville. Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to. This coule be tricky if the conversation became more in – depth! But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named J.k. Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella (ah, the big sellers, in other words). Forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story (I’ll come clean: I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never dome so). 64. How did the author find his friend a book liar? A. By judging his manner of speaking.B. By looking into his background. C. By mentioning a famous name. D. By discussing the book it self. 65. Which of the following is a “guilty secret” according to the World Book Day report? A. Charles Dickens is very low on the top-ten list. B. 42% of people pretended to have read 1984. C. The author admitted having read 9 books. D. Dreams From My Father is hardly read. 66. By lying about reading, a person hopes to .A. control the conversation C. learn about the book B. appear knowledgeable D. make more friends 67. What is the author’s attitude to 58% of readers? A. Favorable B. Uncaring C. Doubtful D. Friendly 第 7 页（共 36 页）第 8 页共 36 页 DThe National Gallery Description: The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance. Layout: The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the buileing houses 13th-to 15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling. The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronest. The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer. The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh. Opening Hours: The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm（Fridays 10am to 9pm）and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions. Getting There: Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross（ 2-minute walk） . Leicester Square（3-minute walk）, Embankment（7-minute walk）, and Piccadilly Circus （8-minute walk）. 68. In which century’s collection can you see religious paintings? A. The 13th. B. The 17th. C. The 18th. D. The 20th. 69. Where are Leonardo da Vinci’s works shown? 第 8 页（共 36 页）第 9 页共 36 页 A. In the East Wing. B. In the main West Wing. D. In the North Wing. C. In the Sainsbury Wing. 70. Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery? A. Piccadilly Circus.B. Leicester Square.C. Embankment.D. Charing Cross. 第二节（共 5 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit（利润）— that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.71 Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. 　72 Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. 　 73 Oneis the establishment（制定）of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. 　74 Thethird 　relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision（监管）and guidance by the management in authority. 　 75 　 A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work. B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management. C. Examples of nonprofit business top management and operative management. D. However, some businesses only seek to enough to cover their operating costs. E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments. F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects. 第 9 页（共 36 页）第 10 页共 36 页 G. Planning in business management has three main aspects. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分35 分）第一节短文改错（共10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌中间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：把缺词处加个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now. I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known. 第二节书面表达（满分25 分）假定你是李华．请你给笔友 Peter 写封信，告诉他你叔叔李明将去他所在城市开会，带去他想要的那幅中国画，同时询问他是否可以接机．信中还需说明：李明：高个子，戴眼镜；航班号：CA985；到达：8 月 6 日上午 11：30. 注意：1．词数 100 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头语和结束语已为你写好. 第 10 页（共 36 页）第 11 页共 36 页 2013 年高考英语试卷（新课标 I）参考答案第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 21-25 BBDCA26-30 DABCB31-35 ADCDA 第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 36-40 CCDAB41-45 DABAC46-50 CDDBA51-55 BCADB 第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 56-60 AACCB 61-65 DCDDB 66-70 BCABD 第二节（共 5 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 71-75 DCGEA 第四部分写作（共两节，满分35 分）第一节短文改错（共10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and hold sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory passed for me now. I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a 第 11 页（共 36 页）第 12 页共 36 页 well / clearly shoulders beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which to / into set himself apart from others in our small town, ∧he was strong and powerful. In a him and 去掉 a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do when homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known. ever 第二节 One Possible Version Dear Peter, How are you doing？ I’m writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference, and I’ve asked him to bring you the Chinese painting you’ve asked for before. Also, I’d like you to do me a favor. Would you please meet my uncle at the airport and take him to his hotel since this is his first visit to the U.S.? Thank you in advance! His flight number is CA985, and it will arrive at 11:30 am, August 6. My uncle is tall and he is wearing glasses. And he will be in a blue jacket. Looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li Hua 　第 12 页（共 36 页）第 13 页共 36 页 2013 年高考英语试卷（新课标 I）参考答案与试题解析　第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：We ________ last night, but we went to the concert instead. A. must have studied C. should have studied 答案是 C. B. might study D. would study 21. — Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup! — _________, madam. It’s our soup of the day! A. Let me see B. So it is C. Don’t mention it D. Neither do I 【考点】JI：语言交际．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：﹣﹣嗨，这只是普通的蔬菜汤！ ﹣﹣确实如此，女士．这就是我们今天的汤．【解答】答案 B．A 项”让我看看”；C 项”不用谢；没关系；算了，别提了”；D 项”我也不”；B 项”的确如此”；根据”嗨，这只是普通的蔬菜汤！”判断顾客是在抱怨，而答语是服务员对顾客的话做了”确认”回答．因此 B 项符合语境，其它选项均不符合，故选 B．【点评】本题考查情景交际．解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑关系．其次对每个选项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根据语境锁定正确答案．关键平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反复记忆．　22. They might just have a place ________ on the writing course — why don’t you give it a try? 第 13 页（共 36 页）第 14 页共 36 页 A. leave B. left C. leaving D. to leave 【考点】A3：动词的现在分词；BB：过去分词．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：他们或许还留得有写作课的位置（名额）﹣﹣你为什么不去试一试呢？【解答】答：B 本题考查非谓语动词．从结构判断空格上的词应该做 place 的定语，逻辑主语是 a place，而 leave”剩下”和 place 之间是被动关系，位置是”被留下的”，所以应该用过去分词作后置定语．所以选 B．【点评】考查非谓语动词时，要考虑该动词和相关名词之间的逻辑关系，如果是主动关系，一般用现在分词，如果是被动关系，一般用过去分词．　23. Try not to cough more than you can your lungs. since it may cause problems to A. check B. allow C. stop D. help 【考点】A8：实义动词．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：由于咳嗽可能造成你肺的一些问题，尽量不要咳得太厉害．（试图咳得不要超过你能忍受的范围）【解答】答案 C． check”核实，抑制”；allow”允许，许可”；stop”停止”；help” 帮助，促进，治疗，补救”．句意：尽量不要咳嗽，因为这会给你的肺带来问题．考生需掌握短语 more than one can help 的意思”尽量不，绝对不”，故正确答案是 C．【点评】考查动词词义的辨析，要掌握动词的词义并熟悉具体的语境选择出正确答案．　24. If we now to protect the environment, we’ll live to regret it. B. haven’t actedC. don’t actD. won’t act A. hadn’t acted 【考点】E1：一般现在时；HG：条件状语从句．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：如果我们现在不采取行动来保护环境，我们将来会后悔的．【解答】答案：C 句子成分分析：if 引导条件状语从句，act 为从句中谓语动词．逗号后为主句，live 为主句谓语动词，to protect 和 to regret 是非谓语动词做第 14 页（共 36 页）第 15 页共 36 页状语．根据 if 主句中的时态是一般将来时态，可知从句应使用一般现在时态，且有 now 作为现在时态的标志词，所以选择 C．【点评】一般在时间状语从句中，用主将从现的规则，也就是，主句是一般将来时态，从句一般用一般现在时态，或相关的时态．　25. Tony can hardly boil an egg, still A. lessB. littleC. much cook dinner. D. more 【考点】D1：量词．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：Tony 连煮鸡蛋都不会，更不要说做晚饭了．【解答】答案：A．根据句意：Tony 连煮鸡蛋都不会，更不要说做晚饭了．still less 是固定词组”更别说”，选 A．【点评】本题解题的关键是掌握 still less这个短语的意思．　26. Police have found A. which appears to be the lost ancient statue. C. howD. what B. where 【考点】79：连接副词．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：警察已经发现了看起来似乎是失去的古代的雕像．【解答】答案 D．分析句子结构可知，found 后面接的是宾语从句，宾语从句中 “appears”是谓语，缺少主语，用 what 连接宾语从句，which 哪个，where 哪里， how 怎样，都不符合句意，故选 D．【点评】本题考查宾语从句中连词的用法．解答此类题目首先要读懂句意和分析句子结构，判断是哪一种从句，然后分析从句中的成分，如果从句中不缺主宾表等成分，则应根据句意来锁定连接词；如果从句中缺主宾表等成分，不指人的情况下用连接代词 what．　27. When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I A. have changedB. changeC. had changed my mind. D. would change 【考点】E1：一般现在时；E8：现在完成时；GN：并列句．菁优网版权所有第 15 页（共 36 页）第 16 页共 36 页【分析】句意为：当我第一次见到 Bryan 的时候我不喜欢他，但是”现在”我已经改变了心意．【解答】答案：A，本题考查时态．题干中的 but 提示：”我”第一次见布莱恩的时候不喜欢他，但现在喜欢他，met 和 didn’t 可以看出前半句话是一般过去式，后面的意思是现在我已经改变了心意，故用现在完成时．【点评】在考查时态时，要注意句子的时间状语，而本句中没有明显的时间状语从句，所以需要从句中的前后意思来判断用什么时态．　28. The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police .A. not to do B. not to C. not do D. do not 【考点】BA：不定式．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：司机想要把车停在路边，但是警察让他不要这样做．【解答】答案 B． ask sb not to do sth让某人不要做某事，根据句意 but was asked by the police not to “park his car near the roadside”，不定式中重复的部分可以省略，但是要保留到 to．故选 B．【点评】本题考查不定式的省略情况，不定式的省略要保留到 to．　29. The door open, no matter how hard she pushed. B. couldn’tC. wouldn’tD. mightn’t A. shouldn’t 【考点】A6：情态动词．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：无论她怎么使劲推，门就是打不开．【解答】答案 C． shouldn’t “不应该”；couldn’t “不能，不可能”；wouldn’t “不愿意”，would 还可以表示一种倾向性或者习惯．；mightn’t “可能不”．根据句意：描述主语 the door 的特点”偏是打不开”，其固有的特性，用情态动词 would （will）．故选 C．【点评】本题考查情态动词在具体语境中的使用．　30. At the last moment, Tom decided to a new character to make the story 第 16 页（共 36 页）第 17 页共 36 页 seem more likely. A. put up B. put in C. put on D. put off 【考点】A9：动词短语．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：在最后一刻，Tom 决定添加一个新角色来使故事显得更加真实．【解答】答案：B 本题考查动词短语辨析．put …up 举起…；张贴…；put …in 使…加入；使…进入；put …on穿上…；上演…；put …off推迟…．句意：在最后一刻，Tom 决定添加一个新角色来使故事显得更加真实．题干中的 more likely 提示，Tom 决定”添加”一个角色，故 B 正确．【点评】关于 put 的短语，在考查中经常出现，同一个短语可能有多种意思，这就需要考生多记忆．　31. India attained independence in 1947, after long struggle. A. 不填; a B. the; a C. an;不填 D. an; the 【考点】41：不定冠词；43：零冠词．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：印度在长期抗争后，于 1947 年获得独立．【解答】答案 A． attain independence 获得独立，independence 为抽象名词，前不加冠词；after a long struggle 表示经过一段长时间的抗争，用不定冠词 a 表示数量．故选 A．【点评】本题考查冠词的辨析，冠词的用法集中在 the 表示特指，a/an 表示泛指，以及冠词的固定搭配和零冠词的情况　32. There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery another man, also intelligent, fails. A. since B. if C. as D. while 【考点】91：并列连词．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：不清楚为什么一个人会有重大发现，而另外一个同样聪明的人却失败了．【解答】答案：D 本题考查从属连词和并列连词的区别．根据句意断定，该题第 17 页（共 36 页）第 18 页共 36 页的空格处需要填入一个并列连词．乍一看，这四个连词似乎都是从属连词，都不能填入句中．殊不知，在实际的语言运用过程中，while 还具有并列连词的属性，表示”转折和对比”，正好符合句式结构和语意逻辑．故答案选 D．其他三个选项都没有这种属性和功能，所以可以排除．【点评】考查并列连词时，要注意区分和从属连词的区别．　33. “You can’t judge a book by its cover,” ________ . A. as the saying goes old C. as the old saying goes B. goes as the old saying D. goes as old the saying 【考点】H3：定语从句综合．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：正如一句谚语所说：”我们不能以貌取人”．【解答】答案：C． as 引导非限制性定语从句，表示”正如”，不用倒装．故选 C．【点评】本题考查定语从句中 as 的用法．　34. It was a real race _______ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it. A. over B. by C. for D. against 【考点】89：其他介词．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：为了完成项目我们真的要同时间赛跑，幸运的是，我们赢了．【解答】答案 D． against time是固定搭配”争分多秒，同时间赛跑”．根据句意：为了完成项目我们要”争分夺秒”．故选 D．【点评】本题是基础题，考查介词的使用，同时要注意题目中的固定搭配，如 against time”争分多秒，同时间赛跑”．　35. The sunlight is white and blinding, _______ hard-edged shadows on the ground. A. throwing B. being thrown C. to throw D. to be thrown 【考点】A3：动词的现在分词．菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：阳光白白的、很耀眼，把锋芒毕露的影子洒在地上．【解答】答案：A 本题考查非谓语动词形式．句子中已经有谓语动词 is 了，中第 18 页（共 36 页）第 19 页共 36 页间没有其他连词，所以肯定是选非谓语，选项全部是非谓语，throw 的逻辑主语是 the sunlight，是主动表伴随的意思；没有被动的意思排除 A，CD 不定式表将来或者表目的，都不符合．所以本题选择 A．【点评】考查非谓语动词时，要考虑该动词和相关名词之间的逻辑关系．　第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 A、B、C 和 D 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I went to a group activity, “Sensitivity Sunday” which was to make us more 36 the problem faced by disabled people. We were asked to “37 a disability” for several hours one Sunday. Some member 38 chose the wheel chair. Other wore sound-blocking earplugs (耳塞) or blindfolds (眼罩). Just sitting in the wheelchair was a39 experience,I had never considered before how40 itwould be to use one. As soon as I sat down my41 made the chair begin to roll. Its wheel were not42 .Then I wondered where to put my 43 .It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into uneasy look at what was to be my only means of45 44 ,I took my first for several hours. For disabled people, “adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary (临时的) 46. I tried to find a47 positionand thought it might be restful,48 of nice to be49 aroundfor a while. Looking around, I50 wouldhave to handle the thing myself! My hands started to ache as I51 theheavy wheels, I of the wheelchair as not going to be53 kind came to know that controlling the task. 52 My wheelchair experiment was soon 54 .It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the mental, that disabled people must overcome. 55 ,both physical and 36. A. curious aboutB. interested in C. aware of C. adopt D. careful with D. analyze 37. A. cure B. prevent 38. A. instead B. strangely C. as usual D. like me 第 19 页（共 36 页）第 20 页共 36 页 39. A. learning 40. A. convenient 41. A. height 42. A. locked 43. A. hands B. working B. awkward B. force C. satisfying D. relaxing D. exciting D. weight C. boring C. skill B. repaired B. feet C. powered C. keys D. grasped D. handles D. effect 44. A. place B. action C. play 45. A. operation 46. A. exploration 47. A. flexible 48. A. yet B. communicationC. transportation D. production D. entertainment D. comfortable D. even B. education B. safe C. experiment C. starting C. still B. just 49. A. shown 50. A. realized 51. A. lifted B. pushed B. suggested B. turned C. driven D. guided C. agreed D. admitted D. seized C. pressed C. direction C. major 52. A. path B. position B. heavy D. way 53. A. easy D. extra 54. A. forgotten 55. A. weaknesses B. repeated B. challenges C. conducted C. anxieties D. finished D. illnesses 【考点】L1：记叙文．菁优网版权所有【分析】本文是一篇记叙文．文章讲述了作者参加了一次周日残疾体验活动，通过对自己几个小时使用轮椅的详细记叙，说明了残疾人生活的不易．文章的最后给我们这样的启示：残疾人必须要克服心理和身体上的挑战．【解答】36-40 CCDAB41-45 DABAC 46-50 CDDBA51-55 BCADB 36．C 考查形容词短语辨析．根据空白处后面的 the problems faced by disabled people 可知，活动的目的是为了”意识”到残疾人面临的问题．故选 C． 37．C 考查动词辨析．根据下文 some members chose…others wore…可知，作者被要求”挑选”一种残疾，而不是”治愈、阻止或分析”．故选 C． 38．D 考查上下文语境理解．根据最后一段第一句中的 my wheelchair experiment 第 20 页（共 36 页）第 21 页共 36 页可知，作者选择使用轮椅．故选 D． 39．A 考查形容词辨析．根据后句I had never considered before how…和这段最后一句的感慨可知，作者认为坐在轮椅上就是一次”学习”的经历，而不是工作经历或令人满意、令人放松的经历．故选 A． 40．B 考查形容词辨析．根据第二段的全段描述，活动前作者从未意识到使用轮椅有多么的”笨拙”故选 B． 41．D 考查名词辨析．状语从句部分 as soon as I sat down 提示，轮子动起来发生的时间是当作者一坐下去的时候，显然能让轮子动起来的不可能是作者的身高或技巧，而是作者的体重．故选 D． 42．A 考查动词辨析．后句 then 提示：本句是对上句轮子为什么会转动的解释，显然因为轮子未被锁住，而不是”修理或抓住”，更不是因为轮子没动力装置．故选 A． 43．B 考查名词辨析．根据下文”费了好长时间我才让金属 footrest（脚蹬）归位可知，这时的作者不知道把自己的脚放在哪里，毕竟是健康人在模拟残疾人的生活．故选 B． 44．A 考查固定短语．”put…into place”意为”把…归位”，作者是健康人，刚坐到轮椅上不会驾轻就熟，所以即便将脚蹬归位这样简单的动作，竟然用了很长时间．故选 A． 45．C 考查名词辨析．作者参加的是使用轮椅几小时的体验活动，而轮椅是一种交通工具．means of transportation交通工具．故选 C． 46．C 考查名词辨析．根据第一段可知，作者参加的是残疾体验活动，使用轮椅只不过是个实验，但对残疾人而言，使用轮椅可不再是个实验，而是一辈子的生活故选 C． 47．D 考查形容词辨析．根据 and 后面的 thought it might be restful 可知，作者努力要找一个舒服的姿势，从而被人推着四处逛逛是件让人放松的事，并想着这样被带着去四处逛一会也许会让人感到宁静，甚至有些美妙．故选 D． 48．D 考查副词辨析．相比空白处前面的 restful，空白处后面的 kind of nice 显然递进了一步，所以最佳答案是 even，”甚至”．故选 D． 49．B 考查动词辨析．由上文的”adopting a wheelchair”提示，作者坐着轮椅，第 21 页（共 36 页）第 22 页共 36 页自然希望被人推，而不是开车接送或引导，更不会是被人带领四处逛逛．故选 B． 50．A 考查动词辨析．通过四下张望，”我”自己得搞定这件事是作者意识到的．故选 A． 51．B 考查动词辨析．由上句中提到作者意识到没人帮他推轮椅，只能自己搞定这件事．言外之意是，作者得让轮椅动起来．作者的手在轮椅转动起来的同时，开始疼，因为用手拨动轮椅才能转啊．故选 B． 52．C 考查名词辨析．轮椅是一种交通工具，而交通工具最重要的是掌控方向，这是生活常识．故选 C． 53．A 考查形容词辨析．由上句提到，拨动沉重的轮子的时候，作者的手开始疼．既然轮子重，手又疼，可推断拨动轮椅不是件容易的工作．故选 A． 54．D 考查动词辨析．本题出现在最后一段的第一句话，这段正是文章的总阶性的段落，作者要感慨残疾人的不易，自然要到体验结束，而不是实验被遗忘、重复或很快实施的时候．故选 D． 55．B 考查名词辨析．根据句意可知，”我”只是”品尝”了一下残疾人必须要克服的心理和身体上的挑战．【点评】解答此类题目可遵循以下步骤：第一步，通读全文，了解文章大意，获得整体印象，同时初选出一批较有把握的答案．第二步，边核对初选答案边补填留下的空格．如果短文难度较大，则可复读几遍，核对和确定答案．有些空一时决定不了，可作个记号，待复查时再确定．第三步，复查定稿．从整体理解角度出发，仔细审核答案，确保意义上、语法上没有错误，同时对遗留下来的少数几个空格作最后选择．　第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）第一节（共15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ASome people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. 第 22 页（共 36 页）第 23 页共 36 页 Take my family’s last vacation. It was my six-year-old son’s winter break form school, and we were heading home form Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. I had meeting in New York, So I had to get back. But that didn’t mean my husband and my son couldn’t stay. I took my nine-month-old and took off for home. The next day my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouraged — okay, ordered-them to wait it out at the airport, to “earn” more Delta Dollars. Our total take: $1,600. Not bad, huh? Now some people may think I’m a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up. I’ve made living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks. I have been the consumer reporter of NBC’s Today show for over a decade. I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide. And I really do what I believe in. I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth. I’m also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldn’t hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its longer, and it’s the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts. 56. Why did Delta give the author’s family credits? A. They took a later flight. B. They had early bookings. C. Their flight had been delayed. D. Their flight had been cancelled. 57. What can we learn about the author? A. She rarely misses a good deal. B. She seldom makes a compromise. C. She is very strict with her children.D. She is interested in cheap products. 58. What does the author do? A. She’s a teacher. B. She’s a housewife. C. She’s a media person.D. She’s a businesswoman. 第 23 页（共 36 页）第 24 页共 36 页 59. What does the author want to tell us? A. How to expose bad tricks.B. How to reserve airline seats. C. How to spend money wisely.D. How to make a business deal. 【考点】O7：政治经济类阅读；P4：逻辑推理；P6：作者情感态度．菁优网版权所有【分析】本文属于记叙文阅读，作者通过他们一家人出去旅行的事例向我们说明了有些人会去做任何事情来省钱，并在文中解释说明这样做的原因，告诉读者们不能随意浪费自己的钱财，应该明智的花钱，让钱花得更值得．【解答】AACC 56．A 细节理解题，根据第一段The flight was overbooked，and Delta，the airline，offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day．可知三角洲航空公司给作者一家 400 美元是为了让他们放弃自己的座位晚一天离开，故选 A． 57．A 推理判断题．根据文章第三段中”But as a bigtime bargain hunter，I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.”可知作者自称是一个一流的杀价者，并且说一笔好的交易是很少有人能够拒绝的，因此作者不会错过一笔好买卖的，故选 A． 58．C 细节理解题．根据文章第四段”I have been the consumer reporter of NBC’s Today show for over a decade.”可知作者是一位媒体工作者，故选 C． 59．C 写作意图题．根据文章最后一段 But I wouldn’t hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its shape longer, and it’s the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts.可知本文讲述了应该明智地花钱，即如何让钱花得更值得，故选 C．【点评】考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．　BThe baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert (警觉). Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with 第 24 页（共 36 页）第 25 页共 36 页 two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze ( 凝视) starts to lose its focus — until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns; she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world? Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise (同样地 ) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots. 60. The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby’s A.sense of hearingB.sense of sightC.sense of touchD.sense of smell 61. Babies are sensitive to the change in______. .A. the size of cards B. the colour of pictures D. the number of objects C. the shape of patterns 62. Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats? A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment. B. To see how babies recognize sounds. C. To carry their experiment further. D. To keep the babies’ interest. 63. Where does this text probably come from? A. Science fiction. B. Children’s literature. 第 25 页（共 36 页）第 26 页共 36 页 C. An advertisement. D. A science report. 【考点】M5：科普知识类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．菁优网版权所有【分析】本文是一篇说明文．文章对刚出生一天的婴儿做实验，通过变化纸上的黑点及鼓的敲打次数对婴儿的视觉、听觉进行的一个实验．主要介绍了研究人员通过一些卡片黑点的数量来检验婴儿对于数量变化的敏感程度，发现当数量相对多的时候，比较容易引起婴儿的注意，使他们变得更加兴奋．【解答】BDCD 60．B 细节理解题．根据第一段中的”She stares at it carefully.” “婴儿认真地盯着看”可知，研究人员研究的是孩子的视觉． 61．D 细节理解题．根据第一段中的”As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze（凝视）starts to lose its focus—until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns…”可知，随着卡片上黑点数量的变化，婴儿的注视也发生变化，表明了婴儿对于数量的变化比较敏感． 62．C 细节理解题．第二段中研究人员先是通过卡片上的黑点来测验婴儿对于数量的变化的敏感程度；根据第二段中的”The effect even crosses between senses … three drumbeats than when they heard just two； likewise （同样地） when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.”可知，研究人员又做了击鼓的实验，这样做的目的是更加深入地研究婴儿对于数量变化的敏感程度，故选 C． 63．D 文章出处题．本文提到了”experiment 和 researchers 等”可知，是一些研究人员做了一个实验，来检验婴儿们对于数量的变化是不是敏感，所以本文属于一个科学研究报告，故选 D．【点评】解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点．　C第 26 页（共 36 页）第 27 页共 36 页 It happened to me recently. I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama’s Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President. A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was, in his words, “a brilliantly（精彩地）written book”. however, he then went on to talk abour Mr. Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all. I sensed that I was talking to a book liar. And it seems that my friend is not the only one. Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven’t. In the World Book Day’s “Report on Guilty Secrets”, Dreams From My Father is at number 9. The report lists ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading, and as I’m not one to lie too often (I’d hate to be caught out ), I’ll admit here and now that I haven’t read the entire top ten. But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of peoplt, I have read the book at number one, George Orwell’s 1984. I think it’s really brilliant. The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it. It says that many people lie about having read jane Austen, Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoevsky (I haven’t read him, but haven’t lied about it either)and Herman Melville. Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to. This coule be tricky if the conversation became more in – depth! But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named J.k. Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella (ah, the big sellers, in other words). Forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story (I’ll come clean: I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never dome so). 64. How did the author find his friend a book liar? A. By judging his manner of speaking.B. By looking into his background. C. By mentioning a famous name. D. By discussing the book it self. 65. Which of the following is a “guilty secret” according to the World Book Day report? A. Charles Dickens is very low on the top-ten list. 第 27 页（共 36 页）第 28 页共 36 页 B. 42% of people pretended to have read 1984. C. The author admitted having read 9 books. D. Dreams From My Father is hardly read. 66. By lying about reading, a person hopes to .A. control the conversation C. learn about the book B. appear knowledgeable D. make more friends 67. What is the author’s attitude to 58% of readers? A. FavorableB. UncaringC. Doubtful D. Friendly 【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读；P2：文中细节；P6：作者情感态度．菁优网版权所有【分析】本文属于记叙文阅读，这是一篇关于”读书谎言”的文章，由作者发现一个朋友撒谎说读过奥巴马的《我父亲的梦想》引入话题．进而用数据说明了撒谎人数之多，有 2/3 的人曾撒谎说读过某本书，而撒谎的主要原因是他们想要给别人留下好印象．并列举了当今人们最喜欢的作家．【解答】DBDC 64．D 细节理解题．根据第一段”However, he then went on to talk about Mr. Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.”可知作者发现朋友撒谎，是因为朋友对此书的深入讨论暴露了他对奥巴马背景的无知，故选 D． 65．B 推理判断题．根据第二段”But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of people, I have read the book at number one, George Orwell’s 1984. I think it’s really brilliant.”，并结合上文”The report lists ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading”可知作者不像 42%的人一样假装读过乔治•奥威尔（英国小说家）的《1984》，因此可推测出有 42%的人撒谎说读过《1984》，故选 B． 66．D 细节理解题．根据第四段”Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to ‘impress’ someone they were speaking to.”可知，大多说人撒谎是想要给别人留下好印象，从而结交更多朋友，故选 D． 67．C 作者态度题．根据第五段”I’ll come clean：I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so”可知作者对这些人说从未这样做过表示很惊讶，因此可推知作者对这 58%的人表示怀疑，故选 C．第 28 页（共 36 页）第 29 页共 36 页【点评】考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．　DThe National Gallery Description: The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance. Layout: The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the buileing houses 13th-to 15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling. The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronest. The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer. The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh. Opening Hours: The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm（Fridays 10am to 9pm）and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions. Getting There: Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross（ 2-minute walk） . Leicester Square（3-minute walk）, Embankment（7-minute walk）, and Piccadilly Circus 第 29 页（共 36 页）第 30 页共 36 页（8-minute walk）. 68. In which century’s collection can you see religious paintings? A. The 13th.B. The 17th.C. The 18th.D. The 20th. 69. Where are Leonardo da Vinci’s works shown? A. In the East Wing. B. In the main West Wing. D. In the North Wing. C. In the Sainsbury Wing. 70. Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery? A. Piccadilly Circus.B. Leicester Square.C. Embankment.D. Charing Cross. 【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读；P4：逻辑推理．菁优网版权所有【分析】本文为应用文．主要介绍了英国国家美术馆的展品以及展馆的布置、开放时间及路线等情况．【解答】ABD 68．A 细节理解题．根据 Description 部分中的第二句”It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.”可知，它藏有从 13 世纪宗教绘画作品到雷诺瓦和梵高的现代作品 2300 多份的各种各样的藏品，所以在 13 世纪的藏品中含有宗教绘画作品．故选 A． 69．B 细节理解题．根据 Layout 部分中的第二段的”The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci,”可知，达芬奇的作品在”The main West Wing”展出．故选 B． 70．D 细节理解题．根据 Getting There 部分的”Nearest underground stations： Charing Cross（2-minutes walk）, Leiseter Square（3-minutes walk）, Embankmen （7-minutes walk）, and Piccadilly Circus（8-minutes walk）”可知，从 Charing Cross 至英国国家美术馆步行只需两分钟，因此这个地铁站距离英国国家美术馆最近．故选 D．【点评】本文是广告布告类阅读，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息．做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题意原文的异同，对于不能直接找到根据的小题注意根据相关信息，进行推理分析．　第 30 页（共 36 页）第 31 页共 36 页第二节（共 5 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit（利润）— that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.71 Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. 　72 Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. 　 73 Oneis the establishment（制定）of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. 　74 Thethird 　relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision（监管）and guidance by the management in authority. 　 75 　 A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work. B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management. C. Examples of nonprofit business top management and operative management. D. However, some businesses only seek to enough to cover their operating costs. E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments. F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects. G. Planning in business management has three main aspects. 【考点】O7：政治经济类阅读；P9：配对阅读．菁优网版权所有【分析】本文主要商业活动进行了大致的阐述﹣﹣商业活动包含盈利与不盈利机构，以及商业管理所包含的三个方面﹣﹣技术、导向以及商业运行调控．【解答】DCGEA 第 31 页（共 36 页）第 32 页共 36 页 71 ．D 通过空格后的句子 Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers 是讲一种不盈利的机构，前文讲述的是商业机构的目的是为了赚取利润，所以讲到两种不同的情况，因此可以推测空格处表达转折，且讲到不盈利的机构，可以选 D．意为”这些机构仅仅是赚取它们自身运转的费用”； 72．C 根据空格前面的内容讲的是不盈利机构 nonprofits，可以推知接着是对不盈利机构进行举例，故答案为 C； 73．G 根据空格前面的内容 Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business．可知讲的是”商业管理”（Business management），空格后的内容是对三个方面进行阐述，空格的内容属于对 planning 的阐述，故答案为 G； 74．E 根据空格前后的内容可知，前面阐述了 planning，后面 the third…阐述了 the control of the operations of a business（商业运作的控制）关系到所有部门的工作标准的建立（The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments），所以空格内容为 the second…，用来阐述 direction 关系到部门对各项政策的实行（the application of these policies by departments），故答案为 E； 75．A 最后一点可以根据前一句推知，前面一句说明”导向主要涉及权威管理的引导和监管”（Direction is concerned primarily with supervision and guidance by the management in authority），可推知”控制包括了报告和记录的作用﹣﹣用来对比实际工作与工作标准是否符合”．故答案为 A．【点评】阅读七选五题目需要考生联系上下文语意，推测得出正确的答案，使全文连贯，符合逻辑．　第四部分写作（共两节，满分35 分）第一节短文改错（共10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌中间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：把缺词处加个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。第 32 页（共 36 页）第 33 页共 36 页删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now. I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known. 【考点】NA：短文改错．菁优网版权所有【分析】文章讲述了作者对祖父母的回忆．祖母过去常常把作者抱在大腿上，唱一些古老的歌曲．可惜作者四岁时，祖母就去世了；作者也清楚地记得祖父的样子：高个，宽肩，白胡子．声音浑厚，强壮有力．有时还会吓到作者的小伙伴，但在作者心中，祖父是一位最慈祥的人．【解答】 I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and hold sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory passed for me now. I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a well / clearly shoulders beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which to / into set himself apart from others in our small town, ∧he was strong and powerful. In a him and 去掉 a 第 33 页（共 36 页）第 34 页共 36 页 fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do when homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known. ever 1．holding 改为 hold．句中 used to do something，表示”过去常常”，是特殊的情态动词，后接动词原形． 2．passes 改为 passed．该句描述的是过去的事实，要用一般过去时态． 3．much 改为 well．very much很多；一般修饰数量多少；very well很好；一般修饰动词．此句是对 remember 这个动词的修饰，要用 very well． 4．shoulder 改为 shoulders．shoulder 此处指的是双肩，要用复数． 5．toward 改为 into．句意表达的是胡须由黑变白了，from…into…由…变成…； toward 表示方向． 6．himself 改为 him．谓语动词为 set，宾语可直接用名词的宾格；set…apart from… 有别与，与…不同． 7．加 and．该句由两个单句构成，前一个单句中带有非限制性定语从句．两个单句需要用并列连词连接，此处根据句意应用 and． 8．去掉 a．固定短语，in fact事实上，实际上． 9．during 改为 when．题干中前后都是句子，要用连词；during 介词，在…期间，要改为连词 when． 10．never 改成 ever．句意表达的是肯定．never 意为从未有过；ever 意为曾经，在任何时候．【点评】短文改错题考查的是语境理解能力和用法基础知识．常考的知识点有：名词（单复数错误），动词（时态，语态，搭配，转换），代词（指代错误），形容词和副词（转换，比较等级），连词（and，but，or）等．偶尔也会考查逻辑错误，如本来用 her，却用了 his 等等．解题是要注意：以句子为单位，以动词为中心．看句子要看完整，避免句子前后矛盾的错误；找错误要以动词为主，动词或与动词有关的错误占了改错的题的重要一部分．　第二节书面表达（满分25 分）第 34 页（共 36 页）第 35 页共 36 页假定你是李华．请你给笔友 Peter 写封信，告诉他你叔叔李明将去他所在城市开会，带去他想要的那幅中国画，同时询问他是否可以接机．信中还需说明：李明：高个子，戴眼镜；航班号：CA985；到达：8 月 6 日上午 11：30. 注意：1．词数 100 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头语和结束语已为你写好. 【考点】R1：提纲类；S4：应用文．菁优网版权所有【分析】本文是应用文，根据所给要点给笔友 Peter 写一封信，告知他你叔叔李明将去他所在城市开会，带去他想要的那幅中国画，同时询问他是否可以接机，主要要点：李明：高个子，戴眼镜；航班号：CA985；到达：8 月 6 日上午 11:30．属提纲作文．在写作时人称以第一和第三人称为主．时态以一般现在时为主．重要短语：do sb a favor（帮某人个忙…），in advance（提前），look forward to doing（期望做…），ask sb to do（教某人做某事），write to sb（写信给…）， asked for sth（要求…），the first visit to sp（第一次到…的拜访）．【解答】 Dear Peter, How are you doing? I’m writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference, and I’ve asked him to bring you the Chinese painting you’ve asked for before.【高分句型】（告知李明将去所在地并携带所需的画） Also, I’d like you to do me a favor. Would you please meet my uncle at the airport and take him to his hotel since this is the first visit to the U.S.?【高分句型】 Thank you in advance!（希望能接机） His flight number is CA985, and it will arrive at 11:30 am, August 6. My uncle is tall and he is wearing glasses. And he will be in blue jacket.（具体接机信息和个人特征） Looking forward to your reply. Yours, 第 35 页（共 36 页）第 36 页共 36 页 Li Hua 【点评】提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型．第 36 页（共 36 页）